台灣地震震源尺度分析:2003年規模>6.0地震分析; Earthquake Source Scaling of Moderate to Large Earthquakes in Taiwan: Study of 2003 Mw>6 Taiwan Earthquakes

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题名:	台灣地震震源尺度分析:2003年規模>6.0地震分析;Earthquake Source Scaling of Moderate to Large Earthquakes in Taiwan: Study of 2003 Mw>6 Taiwan Earthquakes
作者:	林欣儀;Hsin-I Lin
贡献者:	地球物理研究所
关键词:	地震;震源;震源尺度;2003年地震;Earthquake;source scaling;2003 Mw>6;source modleing
日期:	2004-06-25
上传时间:	2009-09-22 09:54:47 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	2003 年台灣發生三個規模六以上的地震，發震時間分別為2003 年6 月9 日8 時 40 分、6 月10 日1 時52 分以及2003 年12 月10 日4 時38 分(格林威治時間)，發震地點皆位於台灣東部外海。本研究針對這三個地震之震源破裂作探討，利用線性逆推方式，解得震源破裂分佈以及相關震源參數，並且探討地震斷層的幾何形狀、以及地震活動特性。由於中央研究院寬頻地震網BATS(Broadband Array In Taiwan For Seismology)在地震發生後隨即使用地震矩張量逆推求得其震源機制解，且在地震發生後短時間內即可獲得豐富的波形資料，因此我們的分析採用中研院的寬頻地震網所紀錄到的速度地震資料，並考量測站包覆性的問題，加入日本寬頻地震觀測網(F-Net) 位於台灣東邊的測站(YNG)所紀錄到之地震資料。震源機制採用BATS 所求得之震源機制為起始測試值。理論格林函數的計算使用Takeo 結合Kennett and Kerry(1979)的反射、透射係數矩陣與Bouchon(1981)的離散波數法，計算出在水平地層內一點震源所有全波形之理論格林函數及理論位移波形。將一個有限斷層，看待為許多子斷層所構成，若假設一測站的相關參數所計算之理論波形，則為所有子斷層的貢獻的疊加波形。以此觀念，計算出選取測站之理論波形，並和實際波形進一步採用計算出斷層面上的錯動量分佈。本研究將經由波形擬合度以及Polarity Fitting 的考量下選取最佳之震源機制解，並得出其錯動量分布、地震矩、斷層長(L2)、斷層寬(W2)、斷層面積(A2)等等。所求得之結果為：6 月9 日地震-主要錯動區域在震源周圍範圍，傾向東北破裂，最大錯動量為173 cm，地震矩為8.651024；6 月10 日地震-主要錯動區域在震源東北方，往下方破裂，最大錯動量為153 cm，地震矩為2.031025。12 月10 日地震-主要錯動區域位於震源東北方，最大錯動量為293cm，地震矩為2.681025 綜合本研究及台灣地區93 至99 年間規模大於5 、震源深度在20 公里以上的六個地震及宜蘭地震、蘭嶼地震、屏東地震、與99 年的集集地震、嘉義地震及嘉義地震之最大餘震共 21 個地震之結果，得出地震矩規模與震源參數間的關係。我們所得到的關係式如下： 5 . 4 ) log( 4 . 1 2 + = L Mw 5 . 4 ) log( 8 . 0 2 + = A Mw 7 . 3 ) log( ) 45 . 0 3 . 1 ( 2 + ± = D Mw 以上所得之震源參數經驗公式，除了可以了解台灣地區震源的錯動特性，更將提供未來地震防災及危害度分析上的參考。 Earthquake Source Scaling of Moderate to Large Earthquakes in Taiwan: Study of 2003 Mw>6 Taiwan Earthquakes Hsin-I Lin Abstract We inverted velocity data from broadband array in Taiwan (BATS)to study earthquake source parameters of three Mw>6 earthquakes in eastern Taiwan in 2003. These earthquakes occurred in June 9th, June 10th and Dec 10th, 2003, respectively. We use least-square method to invert the distribution of slip and other source parameters. The slip distribution and aftershocks were used to estimate the fault geometry. For each event, we derived a preferred model by testing different focal mechanisms. In order to have a batter azimuthal coverage to the earthquake, one Japanese station from F-net was used, in addition to the BATS stations. These earthquakes are all thrust faulting mechanisms. The hypocenter of June 9th earthquake is 24.4oN, 121.99oE at the depth of 21.3 km. The focal mechanism has the strike, dip, and rake of 225o, 26 o, and 121 o, respectively. The moment is 8.651024 dyne-cm, which yields the Mw of 5.89. The main rupture is around hypocenter, and ruptured toward northeast direction. The June 10th earthquake occurred at 23.52oN 121.67oE, at the depth of b5.7 km. The focal mechanism has the strike, dip, and rake of 217 o, 39 o, and 110 o, respectively. The moment is 2.031025 dyne-cm, which yields the Mw of 6.13. It ruptured toward northeast in downdip direction. The September 10th earthquake was occurred at 23.07oN 121.40oE at a focal depth of 17.7 km. The focal mechanism has the strike, dip, and rake of 3 o, 42 o, and 104 o, respectively. The moment is 2.681025 dyne-cm, which yields the Mw of 6.22. According to the slip and aftershocks distributions, this earthquake is believed to be associated with the Chihshang fault. We collected the results and other recent research of Taiwan earthquakes, to obtain the relationship of earthquake magnitude (Mw) to fault length (L2), fault area (A2) and average slip (D2). The relations among the source parameters are as follow: 5 . 4 ) log( 4 . 1 2 + = L Mw , 5 . 4 ) log( 8 . 0 2 + = A Mw , 7 . 3 ) log( ) 45 . 0 3 . 1 ( 2 + ± = D Mw , For better understanding of earthquake source characteristics in Taiwan region, threes scaling relationships provided important information for seismic hazard analysis.
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