| 摘要: | 氣候變遷是人類當今所面臨的一個最嚴重的環境課題，氣候變遷直接影響到人類的政治穩定，未來的經濟發展。因此使用氣候模式進行可信的未來的氣候評估是人類因應和調適未來氣候變遷的重要方法，IPCC 第4 次全球氣候評估報告明確的指出氣候資料的觀測搜集是未來氣候變遷評估的重要工作，因此使用商用民航機進行經常性的大氣溫室效應氣體和重要氣候變數的收集將能一方面提供全球氣候的觀測資料，增加我們對當前大氣變化情形的掌握與瞭解；另外一方面，這些飛機觀測資料將提供全球氣候模式以及其他氣候觀測平台如衛星等重要的校驗資料。在2008 年度的研究計畫中，我們已成功的與歐盟所支持的IAGOS 和中華航空公司簽署正式的太平洋計畫IAGOS 合作備忘錄，而第一架的中華航空公司空中巴士A340-300 型飛機也即將進行GRU 的拆除工作以準備安裝 IAGOS 的兩套觀測儀器，因此2009 年度的重要工作為IAGOS 在2009 年底至2010 年初在空中巴士上的安裝、測試、以及正式開始執行經常性的太平洋地區溫室效應氣體觀測工作。全球第1 架IAGOS 大西洋飛機將在2009 年春天裝在德國航空公司的A340-300 飛機上進行測試及開始大西洋區域經常性的觀測；全球第2 架IAGOS 飛機以及全世界第1 架IAGOS 太平洋飛機則將在本計畫執行下於2009 年至2010 年間安裝、測試完成並且開始經常性的觀測工作。 2009 年的IAGOS 太平洋任務將正式的開始太平洋計畫建造全球最大的溫室效應氣體空中觀測平台的工作。太平洋計畫將與FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC, 歐洲的GEM,IAGOS-ERI, 美國的A-Train,OCO, 以及日本的GOSAT 和 CONTRAIL 等計畫密切合作，提供全球大氣溫室效應氣體的即時觀測資料，以密切監控我們大氣的發展情形，為人類所賴以維生的大氣環境，盡一份保護的心力。 ; Global climate change represents the most serious environmental issue facing mankind today, with implications for global political stability and the global economy. Reliable predictions of the future climate using climate models are a central and fundamental requirement for determining future mitigation strategies. Likewise, air quality has become a global problem. Emissions are transported over national and continental boundaries and influence air quality elsewhere. The scientific need for representative in-situ observations has been expressed in clear terms in assessments by the IPCC and international science panels. High-quality routine observations from in-service aircraft have proven invaluable as they provide detailed vertical information of tropospheric composition in the tropopause region, which is of large importance for climate change, and the hemispheric distribution of air pollution. In 2008, we have successfully signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the EC IAGOS and the Chain Airlines in Brussels. This MoU consolidates the research effort between the PGGM team, China Airlines, and the EC-IAGOS. Under the framework of this MoU and the support of the NSC, a China Airlines’s A340-300 is schedule to remove its GRU unit to prepare for the installation the IAGOS instruments in 2009/2010. In this project we will install and operate the European IAGOS instruments on-board a commercial aircraft operated by China Airlines for routine observations of greenhouse gases over the Pacific. The Airbus A340-300 from China Airline will be installed with two packages of IAGOS instruments in late 2009 or early 2010. The IAGOS Package I enables routine observations of ozone, carbon monoxide, and water vapor; the IAGOS Package II enables the routine measurements of nitrogen oxides and cloud physics. The first IAGOS Atlantic fly is scheduled to launch in spring 2009 using the A340-300 from the Lufthansa in Germany. Hence, the first IAGOS Pacific fly is scheduled to launch in early 2010 from the China Airlines in Taiwan. With both IAGOS instruments installed and in routine operations in early 2010, we will be able to collect greenhouse gases data and meteorological data over the Pacific atmosphere. These data will increase our understanding of these greenhouse gases distrubitions in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere over the Pacific atmosphere. The temperature and water vapor measurements will also provide important in-situ data for verifying satellite remote sensing measurments such as FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC, Aqua-AIRS, CALIPSO, and other etc. These data will also represent one of the key contributions from Taiwan to the international community in the context of global warming and climate change. ; 研究期間 9808 ~ 9907 |
