桃園灌區渠首工破壞型式之調查及因應對策

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题名:	桃園灌區渠首工破壞型式之調查及因應對策
作者:	簡宏哲;CHE,CHIEN HUNG
贡献者:	土木工程學系在職專班
关键词:	桃園農田水利會;渠首工;攔河堰;護岸;破壞型式;Taoyuan Irrigation Association;headwork;weir;revetments;damage type
日期:	2013-07-24
上传时间:	2013-08-22 11:35:55 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	本論文研究有關桃園農田水利會灌區灌溉管理中重要的構造物「渠首工」的破壞型式調查分析及設計與因應對策。構成渠首工之設施包括攔河堰、進水口、附屬設施、管理設施等。現行堰體型式有單階式攔河堰、步階式攔河堰、活動式(橡皮壩)，取水口設有水閘、量水構造物、側溢流道等。桃園農田水利會所轄攔河堰約有317處，合計灌溉需水量為13.046cms。首先針對桃園灌區101年6月11日豪雨所造成之桃園農田水利會26件災害修復工程(含攔河堰、護岸)進行調查，以探討渠首工破壞型式；同時比較單階式攔河堰與步階式攔河堰之不同形式護坦與固床工變位之優缺點；並在河床彎區處考慮攻擊面設置丁壩、消能塊以減少護岸之破壞；提出渠首工水利建造物安全檢查表使用於及早維護以降低堰體工程改善成本。希望以加強維護管理重於工程改善的理念以減少其工程改善費用。設計上可提高設計年限以減少其維護經費，修建排砂構造物維持取水口通暢。此外，為維護河川環境保護及生態保育可在適當處設置魚道。 This thesis investigates damage patterns and countermeasures in design of the headwork located in Taoyuan Irrigation Association. The facilities of a headwork include weir, water intake, ancillary facilities, and management facilities. The existing weir style is a single cascade weir, a stepped cascade weir, or a rubber dam. The water intake may consist of the sluice, the water measuring apparatus, and the side spillway. Taoyuan Irrigation Association manages 317 weirs and is responsible to provide 13.046 cms of water for irrigation purpose in the region. Firstly, 26 headwork damage sites, caused by the heavy rain event on the 6th of June, 2012 were investigated for the pattern of destruction of weir as well as revetments. Meanwhile, comparisons of the advantages and disadvantages of working displacement between the single cascade weir and the stepped cascade weir were performed. It is suggested that in the river bed curved area where so-called attack frontier, spur dikes and/or energy dissipation blocks can be placed. Furthermore, a safety checklist is proposed to allow routing assessments on the adequacy of the structure and conduct early maintenance when it is required. The improvement in the maintenance management is expected to reduce the cost of reconstruction. Emphasis is on the concept of maintenance to reduce the cost of engineering improvements. The design can be improved by rising its design life period to reduce it maintenance cost. Also, introducing the construction of desilting water intake structures helps keep the intake unobstructed. In addition, to maintain the river environment and health, appropriate fishways should be considered.
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