隧道出渣料清運排程暨養灘作業成本最佳化之研究

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题名:	隧道出渣料清運排程暨養灘作業成本最佳化之研究
作者:	李正偉;Lee,Cheng-wei
贡献者:	土木工程學系在職專班
关键词:	隧道出渣;人工養灘;整數規劃;最佳化;tunnel spoils;artificial beach nourishment;vehicle dispatching;integral programming, optimizatio
日期:	2013-07-11
上传时间:	2013-08-22 11:36:23 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	隧道工程中，隧道出渣清運車之派遣，實務界多以人工經驗法則進行規劃調派，當隧道工程工作面較多且車輛需求排列複雜時，決策者的調派決定是否適當將成為關鍵，不良的調派將導致成本增加與工期延宕。本研究以隧道出渣進行人工養灘為研究範圍，建立一套以整數規劃為架構的數學最佳化模式，協助工程管理者將傾卸卡車、裝載機具、養灘機組整合調派，以利有效降低運輸成本。本研究將各施工場所之堆置容量限制、傾卸卡車功率、挖土機功率、養灘機組功率等各基本資料建立其數學模式及限制條件，利用EXCEL 軟體製作表格輸入LINGO12.0 套裝軟體求得最小成本及派遣最佳化之結果；另為驗證模式之適用性，本研究以台9線南迴公路新建草埔隧道工程為範例測試，測試結果與實務經驗指派方式比較，顯示成效良好，並經由各項參數之敏感度分析之變化趨勢，調整相關參數，以因應實務變化。故本研究可靈活運用於隧道出渣運輸之整體規劃，作為輔助決策者調度指派之重要參考。 Traditionally, in the construction industry, the deployment of truck fleets for the removal of tunnel spoil relies mainly on the rule of thumb to decide on the appropriate vehicle dispatching procedures. If the tunnel work faces increases or the vehicle dispatching becomes more complex, the appropriateness of the vehicle and machinery dispatching choices made by the decision-makers becomes a key point for contractors. Inappropriate deployment can cause schedule delays and increased costs. This study seeks to establish a mathematical optimization model using an integral programming framework in order to assist construction managers in integrating the existing dump trucks, excavators to create a unified assignment program to reduce transportation costs. There are several basic datasets that need to be tabulated by EXCEL software in the linear optimization process, such as earthwork piling capacity limitation areas, the loading rate of dump trucks, rate of excavation and the rate of beach nourishment unit. Known input data are tabulated and the problem solved with the LINGO 12.0 software package to obtain the best solution to minimize cost and vehicles dispatched. In order to verify the applicability of this model, data for the Caopu tunnel on the South-Link Highway are used as a testing example. Comparison of the test results from the model with the result obtained based on experience reveals that the model presents quite satisfactory results. In summary, the model can be flexibly used to meet the integral planning requirements of tunnel spoil transport operations, so as to serve as an important reference able to assist the construction manager to make decisions about vehicle dispatching.
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