利用農業廢棄物進行甲烷厭氧發酵逐漸受到全球的重視並且正積極研究中，由於它具有許多經濟與環境上的優點，然而木質纖維素難以被生物所降解，須要透過前處理的方式改善它的生物降解性。 在本實驗中，利用鹼(NaOH)預處理及Aspergillus niger生物預處理的方式處理稻稈，探討經過稻稈經過不同預處理方式後，對稻稈的組成的變化和甲烷產氣的影響。 由結果顯示，利用鹼和Aspergillus niger生物預處理稻稈方式處理稻稈被證明是個有效的方法且改善了稻稈的生物可降解性和提升了甲烷的產氣量和縮短了產氣時間。其中鹼處理稻稈再經過5天的生物預處理有最高的甲烷產氣量為1834.20 mL和最高的還原醣累積量為2.229 g/l，與未處理稻稈相比，甲烷氣的產量增加了3.17倍。稻稈經鹼處理後移除了45.5%的木質素含量，之後經過5天和10天的生物預處理後，鹼處理後的稻稈纖維素組成從一開始的81.13% 減少至72.86%和60.97%，這結果說明了經過鹼預處理與生物預處理後，有效改善了稻稈的生物可降解性與提升了甲烷的產量。 Methane production from a variety of agricultural wastes through anaerobic digestion technology is growing worldwide and is actively studying because of its economic and environmental benefits. However, lignocelluloses is difficultly to use by microorganism, so we have to improve its biodegradability through the pretreatment. In this research, we investigated the effects of alkali (NaOH) and the biological treatment of rice straw using Aspergillus niger in terms of the changes in the components of the treated rice straw and the effect of the methane production . According to this study, the alkali (NaOH) and biological pretreatment with Aspergillus niger proved to be an efficient method to improve biodegradability and to enhance the biogas production of rice straw and the methane production time were shortened. Alkali treatment and then after five days biological pretreatment of rice straw has the highest methane production, it is 1834.20 mL and the highest cumulative amount of reducing sugars is 2.229 g / l. Compared to untreated controls the pretreated rice straw yielded by 3.17 times more methane production. The alkali (NaOH) pretreatment of rice straw was removed 45.5% of the lignin content, and then after 5 and 10 days biological pretreatment of rice straw, the cellulose contents was reduced from 81.13% to 72.86% and 60.97%, respectively. This result shows that the biodegradability of rice straw and enhanced methane production were improved through alkaline pretreatment and biological pretreatment.
