本論文利用近場電紡織技術(near-field electrospinning，NFES)，研究壓電奈米纖維並且製作成奈米發電機(nanogenerator，NG)，主要重點為(1)利用近場電紡織技術大面積排列壓電奈米纖維製造奈米發電機，(2)奈米發電機疊加輸出與訊號驗證，(3)奈米發電機作為自供電式形變感測器。以直寫(Direct-write)方式將壓電高分子材料聚偏氟乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride，PVDF)利用NFES技術將奈米纖維(nanofibers，NFs)大面積排列在可撓性基底上製作成奈米發電機，並且進行一系列訊號量測與驗證。為了使NG輸出增加，我們改良電極設計成功使輸出提升，並將NG以疊加方式嘗試提高輸出，成功將電壓輸出提高到20V。另外，我們將NG固定於人體手指上運用手指關節移動使NG有訊號產生。最後，我們使用可撓性更好的材料當基底，成功製作出厚度僅200 μm的NG，由於可撓性佳的基底加上厚度薄，我們將NG固定在旗子上使NG可以隨旗子擺動利用風力轉換成電力作為自供電式形變感測器。 This thesis mainly research fabrication of nanogenerator, piezoelectric technology and application in electrospinning. The focus of the study is (1) Massively parallel aligned nanofibers-based nanogenerator deposited via near-field electrospinning, (2) Superposition of nanogenerator and measurement, (3) A flexible, self-powered deformation sensor based on nanogenerator. we demonstrate a direct-write, in-situ poled polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanofiber arrays that could functions as a self-powered active deformation sensor. The fabricated hybrid structure of sensor/nanogenerator (NG) is realized via direct deposition of near-field electrospun nanofibers on Cu-foil electrode of thickness ~200 μm and fully encapsulated on a flexible substrate. Capable of integrating into fabric such as a waving flag due to high flexibility and excellent conformability, the nanofiber-based device can serve as an active deformation sensor under ambient wind-speed and the feasibility of efficiently convert the flutter motion into electricity are also demonstrated. This low-cost, simple structure, high sensitivity and good environment-friendly nanofibers is a very promising material/technology as practical energy harvesting devices and self-powered sensors and capable of scavenging very small wind power or mechanical induced vibration.
