星型液晶材料及磷光發光材料之合成與研究; New star-shaped mesophase & phosphorescence emitting materials: synthesis, mesomorphic behavior, and photophysical properties

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题名:	星型液晶材料及磷光發光材料之合成與研究;New star-shaped mesophase & phosphorescence emitting materials: synthesis, mesomorphic behavior, and photophysical properties
作者:	王月汝;Yueh-Ju Wang
贡献者:	化學研究所
关键词:	發光;液晶;emitting material;liquid crystal
日期:	2007-07-09
上传时间:	2009-09-22 10:13:05 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	第一部分: 設計與合成有機液晶材料，選擇非平面之分子中心(triphenylamine, TPA)，藉由引入適當之分子間作用力如氫鍵、π-π作用力或偶極力使TPA 衍生物具有液晶性質；另外也藉由TPA 的發光、電化學及堆疊等性質，在引入液晶相後得到同時具有發光、電荷傳遞能力及液晶性質的材料。以熱差式分析儀(DSC)、偏光顯微鏡(POM)與粉末X 光繞射(XRD)鑑定液晶相與排列方式，並利用循環伏安法(CV)、吸收與放射光譜(UV-Vis, PL)探討化合物的電化學與光化學性質。研究結果發現在TPA 衍生物中引入氫鍵及偶極力可得到具有液晶性質之化合物，而π-π作用力的引入使分子間有較佳的堆疊但不具液晶相。TPA 衍生物具有良好的氧化還原可逆性，且氮原子上的取代基類型及側鏈基的根數，對於材料的性質有明顯的影響，藉由引入適當的分子間作用力而得到具有非結晶性且具有液晶相之TPA 衍生物，使得材料可應用的溫度範圍更加寬廣，更進一步合成出具有高量子產率及有永久偶極之液晶相化合物。第二部分: 研究與合成有機銥金屬磷光材料，藉由合成不同的中心雜環 (oxadiazole 或thiodiazole)配位基與常見之單負價雙牙配位基，我們合成了一系列具磷光發光性質之銥金屬錯合物。除了改變配位基中心雜環分子之外，我們並且利用不同的推、拉電子基、共軛系統之長短及改變單負價雙牙配位基等，進而調整磷光材料之發光光色。將雜環的氧改成硫，其發光光色會紅移28-68 nm；我們增加或減少分子的共軛程度，可以用來微調錯合物的LUMO 能階；另外，推拉電子基的加入可同時改變錯合物的 HOMO 及LUMO 能階，利用這三個方向來調變材料的發光光色。我們得到ㄧ系列放光由綠光到紅光的磷光材料，由中間體及最終產物的單晶結構可確定配位基與銥金屬的配位方式，並利用循環伏安法、吸收與放射光譜探討化合物的電化學與光化學性質。 Part I: In this thesis, a new type of organic mesogenic materials is prepared and studied, in which a non planar structure, triphenylamine (TPA) is applied as core group and weak interaction such as H-bondings and/or π-π interaction was used to induce the mesogens. Also, their interesting mesomorphic behavior, optical properties and electrochemical properties resulted from core TPA were investigated. The phase behavior of these mesogenic compounds was characterized and studied by differential scanning calorimetry, polarized optical microscopy and powder XRD diffraction. The mesophase observed by all compounds were found to be side dependent. Compounds appended with one, two or three side chains exhibited lameller columnar (ColL) phases, and compounds with four or six side chains formed hexagonal columnar (Colh) phases. The formation of the mesophase, lamellar or columnar mesophases was probably induced by H-bonding formed between -CH2NH groups. Introductionof H-bonding and dipole was attributed for the better mesomorphic behavior. Also π-πinteraction was found important in the formation of the mesophases. The optical and electrochemical properties was studied by UV-vis, photoluminescence and cyclic voltammetry (CV). All compounds derived from TPA showed good reversible redox behavior, and the substituents on the nitrogen atom and/or the numbers of the terminal alkoxy chains showed an apparent effect on the physical properties. Part II: A new family of Iridium(III) complexes derived from oxadiazole and thiodiazole derivatives as ligands was prepared and their potential applications as light emitting materials was also studied. By choosing a variety of electrondonor and electron withdrawing groups, an increase/decrease in molecular resonance length or/and changing different monodentate ligand, a quite wide range of emitting wavelengths observed by these luminescence materials were obtained. A few single crystal structures of iridium(III) complexes were also resolved and analyzed. The replacement of oxygen atom by sulfur atom in chromophore a red shift about 28-68 nm in the emitting wavelength was found. Both The relative energy on the HOMO and LUMO orbitals was changed by electron-donor or electron-withdrawing group. On the other hand, the LUMO can also be adjusted by resonance lengths. By using those methods mentioned above, red emitting and green emitting materials were prepared in this thesis. The physical properties studied by UV-Vis, photoluminescence and cyclic voltammetry were also studied and discussed.
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