| 摘要: | 桃園縣至101年底止共登記工廠數為10,720家，且有規模不一的工業園區22處林立於桃園縣內，可想而知，桃園縣內因固定源工廠所造成的空氣污染排放環境問題是值得重視及探討。本研究工業區地方測站2012年懸浮微粒（PM10）年濃度平均值為73.69 μg/m3，其比對行政院環境保護署空氣品質標準規範，懸浮微粒（PM10）年平均值65 μg/m3，故本研究工業區懸浮微粒（PM10）濃度大於空氣品質標準規範，本工業區空氣品質受懸浮微粒（PM10）之污染情形甚為嚴重。另分析工業區地方測站與環保署全國一般空氣品質監測站之2012年監測資料，環保署全國一般空氣品質監測站之懸浮微粒（PM10）及二氧化硫（SO2）小時平均濃度趨勢與混合層日夜高度之污染物擴散條件成反比，濃度趨勢無明顯夜間高值，然本研究工業區濃度趨勢卻呈現日間濃度較低，夜間濃度顯著偏高之趨勢，應為本研究工業區特有之情況。
本研究利用架設於桃園縣某工業區之3D掃描式光學雷達系統，其具有監測空氣污染物之懸浮微粒（PM10）濃度定量的功能，並利用差異吸收技術，探討某工業區內固定污染源懸浮微粒（PM10）污染物濃度排放情況，提供特定污染熱排放源，輔助環保單位稽查，並於2012年11月29日桃園縣環保單位執行光學雷達所觀測結果之特定污染熱排放源稽查管制後，觀察污染物濃度排放情況，就光學雷達以第一次掃描結果夜間排放狀況不佳之B工廠、C工廠及E工廠為掃描對象進行比對，發現其排放狀況較穩定，懸浮微粒濃度有下降之現象。並分析對應其工業區地方測站之監測資料，在2013年1月份懸浮微粒（PM10）及二氧化硫（SO2）月小時平均污染物濃度趨勢較歷年同期低，且未再有夜間比日間濃度高之情況出現，工業區空氣品質確實獲得改善。
Due to constant emission from stationary and mobile sources, air pollution has been a major environmental issue and has received much public concern in Taoyuan County. As of the end of 2012, there were 10,720 registered manufacturing facilities in Taoyuan County, including 22 industrial parks, that impact air quality. Based on the investigation of industrial sites in 2012, the annual average concentration of suspended particle pollution, also known as “Particulate Matter” (PM10 ), is 73.69 μg/m3, which is higher than the Air Quality Standards set by Taiwan Environmental Protection Agency (65 μg/m3). This study determined the excess level of PM10 and found severe particle pollution at industrial site. In addition to data analysis and comparison at industrial site to the 2012 data from the Taiwan Air Quality Monitoring Stations by EPA (Executive Yuan), this study found that the nighttime concentrations of PM10 and SO2 are significantly higher than that of daytime. This is quite different from the results reported by EPA, stating similar concentrations of PM10 and SO2 were found in the day and nighttime. This result contradicts predictions based on the behavior of hourly average concentration and mixed layer of the atmospheric boundary evolution and diffusion between the daytime and nighttime.
3D scanning lidar system located at the industrial site of Taoyuan was used for monitoring and quantifying the particle pollution for this study. This system, with differential absorption technique and PM10 analysis, is able to locate the emission source at specific sites. This enables EPB to better enforce air control regulations. The particulate matter levels at specific B、C and E factories, which emitted excess PM10, were reduced after the lidar system started monitoring and controlling in November, 2012. In January 2013, the monthly average concentrations of PM10 and SO2 were lower than that for the corresponding month in the previous years. The higher concentration seen at nighttime also disappeared. This indicates that the air quality at investigated industrial site has been improved. |
