尚?艾薛諾?(Jean Echenoz)是法國重要的當代文學作家。他被視為是五、六零年代法國新小說風潮之後，子夜出版社(Les ?ditions de Minuit) 藉以用來開啟另一書寫世代的作家。艾薛諾?從一九八零年代開始寫作，目前仍活躍於文壇，迄今已出版十餘本小說。其作品可約分為三類：次文類(sub-genre)的改寫(rewriting)、以異國風景為故事背景的小說以及傳記小說(biographical fiction)。 本論文以艾薛諾?的《切羅基》(Cherokee)為主要研究文本，其他的作品為輔，從書寫和小說結構來分析艾薛諾?作品的後現代性。第一章由兩方面探討人物的營造。一是從人物建構上的傳承與創新來彰顯艾薛諾?書寫的後現代性；另一則是從人物特質及其行為出發，找出推進故事的主要力量，藉以突顯後現代時代因素對故事走向的決定性作用。第二章首先分析作者如何於小說中再現後現代時空以及如何在空間描寫上實踐後現代美學，隨後探討人物的後現代時空感知並衡量該感知是否有助於情節之蘊釀與發展。第三章則是專注於比較《切羅基》和偵探小說和黑色小說在敘事要素和敘事結構上的異同，藉以指出作者對次文類的借用和顛覆乃一後現代美學的展現。 綜上分析，艾薛諾?在《切羅基》的人物描寫、空間描寫以及敘事層面皆展現了後現代書寫的特性。作者讓《切羅基》的人物置身於一後現代境況，並且把消費社會中人們的匱乏和渴望設定成故事推進的主要動力。透過後現代主義觀點來分析《切羅基》，讓我們看到了艾薛諾?書寫中一種介於傳承和創新的特質，也見證了作者對所處的社會的關注。 Jean Echenoz is one of the most important writers in contemporary French literature. He is considered by Les ?ditions de Minuit as the one who inaugurates a new generation of literature after the nouveau roman of the 1950s and 1960s. He started his writing career in 1980s and remains active in literary circles. Until now, he has written more than ten novels. His works can be roughly divided into three categories: rewriting of sub-genre, story set in an exotic landscape and biographical fiction. In this study, we aim to explore the postmodernity in the works of Echenoz through the writing and the organization of story. We use Cherokee as the primary text and other works of Echenoz in the first two categories as supplementary texts. In the first chapter, we discuss the description of character from two aspects. One is to illustrate the postmodern writing of Echenoz by indicating the confrontation between tradition and innovation in the construction of characters. The other is to identify the forces which prompt the development of story from the particularities of the characters and their actions, and to show that this novel is largely determined by some postmodern conditions. In the second chapter, we focus on how the postmodern era is represented in the novel and how the postmodern aesthetics is manifested in the description of space, precisely the characters’ perceptions of space and time, in order to see if these perceptions facilitate the progression of the plot. In the third chapter, we compare Cherokee with detective novel and roman noir. With their similarities and differences in narrative and structure, we can see that the novelist manifests the postmodern aesthetics by using the generic conventions inherent in the sub-genre and destabilizing them. It is clear that Echenoz displays the postmodern writing in the description of character, of space and the narrative of Cherokee. He casts the characters of Cherokee in the postmodern world and activates the story by evoking people’s desire in the consumer society. Analyzing Cherokee from the perspective of postmodernism reveals the mixture of tradition and innovation in the writing of Echenoz and particularly his attachment to the contemporary society.
