| 摘要: | 宋慶齡（1893-1981）是宋氏家族的其中一員、蔣介石的親戚、國民黨黨員、孫中山夫人。宋慶齡擁有多重的身分，在1925年孫中山死後，這些身分更使得她在政治上造成廣泛的影響。
受西方教育與孫中山民權主義的影響，宋慶齡特別著重於政治上的人權運動。身為共產國際的祕密黨員，宋慶齡不僅協助共產國際在中國的許多任務，也支援中共的發展。1937年直至1946年，宋慶齡透過個人的特殊身分，盡力謀求國共之間的合作與和平。
由於孫中山晚年贊同社會主義，使得宋慶齡袒護共產黨確為事實，但她在1926-1949之間的主要目的還是維持國共之間的合作以達成孫中山的三大政策和三民主義等政治理念。共產國際和中共是宋慶齡達成目的的盟友，彼此相互利用，並為中國將來施行社會主義而鋪路。在於人道救援和呼籲的行動方面，宋慶齡極力強調中立也顯示她在協助中共之外對於人權原則的堅持。
身為國民黨員和孫夫人身分的宋慶齡，以其所受的教育和理念發表許多言論、參與政治，在親共的立場之下成為中國政治上具影響力的人物。
Soong Ching-ling (宋慶齡, 1893 -1981) was a member of the Soong family, the relation of Chiang Kai-shek(蔣介石), and a member of Kuomintang (國民黨, KMT), and was often referred to as Mme. Sun Yat-sen(孫逸仙). After Sun Yat-sen died at 1925, Soong Ching-ling’s multiple identities had a great impact on the political situation in China.
Receiving Western education and being influenced by Sun Yat-sen’s principle of democracy, Soong Ching-ling paid particular attention on human rights. As a secret member of the Communist International (CI), Soong Ching-ling not only helped the CI accomplished their missions in China, but also supported the development of Chinese Communist Party (共產黨, CCP). Also, Soong Ching-ling’s political position offered her inherent authority to be the coordinator between KMT and CCP from 1937 to 1946.
Because Sun Yat-sen argued for Socialism in his later years, Soong Ching-ling took CCP’s side. From 1926 to 1949, however, Soong Ching-ling still worked to maintain the cooperation between KMT and CCP, in order to realize the ideals of Sun Yat-sen—— to make China a Socialist country. At that time, CI and CCP were the allies of Soong Ching-ling. However, Soong Ching-ling insisted on taking a neutral position and thus only supported CCP to protect human right, instead of supporting the development of CCP.
Participating actively in politics and expressing opinions based on her educational background, Soong Ching-ling, a KMT member and Mme. Sun Yat-sen, became an influential figure in China’s politics. |
