| 摘要: | 電變色元件因可應用於聰明窗戶、防眩光後視鏡、及顯示器等而受到矚目，傳統電變色材料皆以無機物為主，雖然無機材料具有較高的環境及電化學穩定性，但加工不易，顏色變化不多，而有機電變色材料具有較好的溶劑加工性、撓曲性、低能量損耗及短應答時間等優點而受到重視。本研究中以4,4-Dioctyl-cyclopenta[2,1-b;3,4-b’]dithiophene (DOCPDT) 為主架構， 將DOCPDT iazthiole (PS)、Octylthiophene (OT)、carbazol (Cz)進行對接，合成出有機可溶的PDOCPDT衍生共聚物，包含紅色的PDOCPDT-OT (Poly[4,4-dioctyl-cyclopentadithiophene-alt-3-octyl- thiophene])和DOCPDT-DOT (Poly[4,4-dioctyl-cyclopentadithiophene-alt-bis-2,5-(3-octylthiophene) 、綠色的PDOCPDT-PS (Poly [4,4-dioctylCyclopenta-di-thiophene-alt-4,7-(piazthiole)])和藍色的PDOCPDT (Poly[4,4-Dioctylcyclopenta[2,1-b; 3,4-b’]-dithiophene]) 三原色之陰極著色材料及淡黃色的PDOCPDT-Cz (Poly-[4,4-dioctyl-Cyclopentadithiophene-alt-4,7-(piazthiole)])陽極著色材料，這些有機可溶共聚物具有低的驅動電位、快的應答時間、良好的電化學和環境穩定性及高的著色效率等特性。另外，為增加材料的效能本研究利用在PDOCPDT中，加入無機奈米粒子合成奈米複合材料，藉由材料的複合來擷取兩者的優點，當PDOCPDT加入有機可溶之TiO2後，可明顯的增加高分子的著色及去著效率，在此TiO2扮演著類似分散劑及電荷暫存區的角色。最後將所合成之陰極著色高分子搭配V2O5離子儲存層、或高分子陽極著色材料組裝成電變色元件，這些 元件皆具有低的驅動電位，而兩極皆為高分子材料的元件之著色及去著色效率皆會高於使用V2O5離子儲存層做為陽極的元件，以PDOCPDT/ PDOCPDT-Cz元件具有最高的光學對比與光學密度及最快的應答時間。 Electrochromic materials will change their optical properties (color or transmittance) upon applying dc voltages. Electrochromic devices have been developed for the application as smart windows and anti-glare rear view mirrors, due to their various merits such as multicolor, high contrast, optical memory, and no visual dependence on viewing angle. In this proposal, we synthesize a series of new soluble electrochromic copolymers containing 4,4-Dioctylcyclopenta[2,1-b; 3,4-b’]dithiophene (DOCPDT) unit. Including Red colored Poly[4,4-dioctyl-cyclopentadithiophene-alt-3-octyl-thiophene] (PDOCPDT-OT) and Poly [4,4-dioctyl-Cyclopentadithiophene-alt-bis-2,5-(3-octyl-thiophene)] (PDOCPDT-DOT)、Green colored Poly [4,4-dioctylCyclopentadithiophene-alt-4,7-(piazthiole)] (PDOCPDT-PS) and Blue colored Poly[4,4-Dioctylcyclopenta[ 2,1-b;3,4-b’]dithiophene] (PDOCPDT) as cathodic electrochromic materials and pale-yellow colored Poly [4,4-dioctyl- Cyclopentadithiophene-alt-4,7-(piazthiole)] (PDOCPDT-Cz) as an anodic electrochromic material. All polymers have low operation voltage, fast response time, good chemical and environmental stability as well as high optical contrast and coloration efficiency.Furthermore, in order to enhance the electrochromic performances of polymer,TiO2 nano-wires were added into PDOCPDT to form inorganic/polymer nano-hybrid material. The coloration efficiency of the nanocomposite increased significantly without sacrifying other properties. The function of the nanowire is to disperse the aggregated polymer chains, it may be the temporary electron storage centers, electrons can be transferred reversibly between PDOCPDT and TiO2 nano-wires. Finally, the electrochromic devices based on these new polymers/copolymers were fabricated by using cathodic polymer combines with anodic polymer or V2O5 ion storage anode. All devices have a low operation voltage and dual polymer (PDOCPDT/ PDOCPDT-Cz) device has the highest optical contrast of 50% and the shortest response time of 0.5 second. |
