| 摘要: | 交通路網建設提供了民生的便利，創造了整體的經濟發展，橋梁建設克服大自然環境地形地物的限制，扮演著重要的樞紐，台灣位處環太平洋地震帶，地震頻繁對於維護橋梁結構物而言造成影響，鋼筋混凝土結構物，常因混凝土本體或外部因素產生局部損壞，921集集大地震後為防範未然做好準備，國工局積極研擬橋梁耐震補強計畫，對中山高及第二高速公路等已完工之橋梁結構物重新檢核及評估，對不符合最新耐震設計規範之橋梁進行設計補強，期能減少大地震來臨時所造成的損害及人員傷亡。
橋梁耐震補強設計及工法，主要實施內容為增加構件韌性及強度，基礎補強目的降低液化之潛能及改變強化橋梁結構系統。補強項目內容中，絕大部分均已使用植筋做為補強過程，植筋補強有標準作業規定及施作標準，施做植筋補強項目可以在施作步驟管理細節及作業程序上，思考更多有效管理作為讓工作更加精進，對提升施工品質及品管作為會有正面幫助及積極作為。
植筋修復補強方式在台灣已行之多年，並有廣泛的應用實例。由結構補強實施內容及橋梁耐震補強基本原則，對於植筋施工管理及品質管理中植筋膠必須符合美國ICC AC308 測試標準，並通過開裂混凝土、耐震、長期潛變、潮濕、溫度等性能試驗，才是具有良好品質及優異性能之產品，應特別注意驗證事項，對工作效能及施工品質提升應有相當助益。
如何判別植筋工程完成並符合規定，應思考施工過程及完工後透過符合檢查機構認證之機構會同驗證植筋材料及相關產品證明文件、廠驗及試驗等是否符合規定，完整之流程才是成效驗證之基礎。ISO17020 為「檢查機構認證」，未來規劃及建置符合ISO17020認證之檢查機構實驗室，實施植筋完工成效驗證，國道高速公路局及其他單位橋梁養護管理系統，可以思考未來建置橋梁結構補強成效驗證之功能空間。
;Road network provides a livelihood convenience, and created an overall economic development, bridge construction plays an important role to overcome the limitations of the terrain of the natural environment, Taiwan is located on the seismic belt of the Pacific, the frequent earthquakes can cause partial damage to the reinforced concrete or concrete body of the bridge. For precautionary after the 921 earthquake, Taiwan Area National Expressway Engineering Bureau, is planning a seismic retrofit program of bridges, bridge structures of Freeway 1 and Freeway 3 are reexamined, the bridges that fails the seismic design code, are being reinforced, hoping to reduced the damage and casualties caused by earthquakes.
The main implementation of seismic retrofit design and engineering methods, is to increase the toughness and strength of the bridge, reducing the potential of soil liquefaction and strengthen the bridge′s structure. The reinforcing project content, mostly use anchoring as reinforcing process, anchorage reinforcing have a standard operating requirements and facilities, construction details and the operation managements affects the result of reinforcements.
Taiwan has used the anchorage reinforcing for many years, and it has a wide range of applications.by implementing structural reinforcement and bridge seismic retrofit as principles, as for the anchor adhesive, it must meet the ICC AC308 testing standards, keeping the quality in control, which is by passing cracking, shock, long-term creeping, moisture, temperature and other performance tests, which can improve efficiency and quality of the construction.
To determine anchorage completion and compliance, we should consider in certification, checking the anchorage materials,related products supporting documents, inspection and testing. ISO17020 is an "inspection certification", in the future planning, an ISO17020 certified laboratory, validating the implementation of anchorage, the National Freeway Bureau of Bridge Maintenance Management System can think about the function of bridge structural reinforcement verification. |
