國防部出版品對「戡亂」之檢討;An Examination of ROC Ministry of National Defense′s Publications on the Pacification Campaigns, 1945-1949

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Title:	國防部出版品對「戡亂」之檢討;An Examination of ROC Ministry of National Defense′s Publications on the Pacification Campaigns, 1945-1949
Authors:	王懷慶;Wang,Huai-Ching
Contributors:	歷史研究所
Keywords:	戡亂;國共內戰;史政編譯處;軍事作戰檢討;非軍事因素檢討;Pacification Campaigns;Chinese Civil War;Military History Department of the Ministry of National Defense;military operations factors;non-military factors
Date:	2014-07-18
Issue Date:	2014-10-15 17:18:21 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	國共內戰是中國現代史上重要的階段，不僅對中國影響很大，對世界局勢的發展也有重大的影響。各界回顧此階段歷史時，鮮少觸及軍事作戰方面，但國軍從遷臺初期已開始對國共內戰進行檢討。國防部史政單位從1952 年開始出版關於國共內戰的出版品，迄1989 年《國民革命軍戰役史第五部─戡亂》等，共計58 本。各時期的出版品對於國共內戰的詮釋，無論在立場上或內容上都有所不同。整理這些出版品對於國共內戰的檢討，可以從中了解國軍史政單位歷史觀點的演進。從1952 年至1962 年對於國共內戰的檢討，國軍史政單位是以單一出版品為主。宥於當時的氛圍，單一出版品對於內戰的解釋過於片段，以及立場偏頗。至1962 年《戡亂簡史》的出版，國軍史政單位開始全面的檢討國共內戰。將戰史連貫解釋，雖然解決了單一出版品片段的問題，但是詮釋的立場改變並不顯著。《戡亂戰史》於1980 至1984 年相繼出版。《戡亂戰史》除了對於國共內戰的詮釋更加豐富，在時間及空間上的劃分也有了新的定義。1989 年出版的《國民革命軍戰役史第五部─戡亂》，是國軍詮釋國共內戰的最後一套書籍。主要出版目的是以教學使用，即便如此，《戡亂》還是相當著重於史實的考證。《戡亂》更重要的是增加運用了中共與美國方面的資料，來印證書中的若干論述。國軍史政單位的出版品對於國共內戰的詮釋不斷的在演進，但最近的出版品也已近25 年。《戡亂》之後，國軍出版品對於歷史的解釋，開始朝向口述歷史的方向。加上國內、外在史料上不斷的開放，國軍史政單位對於國共內戰應該有新的詮釋。 ;Chinese Civil War is critical to Contemporary Sino history. This Civil War impacted strongly to China and the world. Yet, compares to other researchers and institutes, only ROC MND has completed the military operations review since the Nationalist retreated to Taiwan Military History Department from ROC MND published their first Chinese Civil War publication in 1952. Till 1989, 58 Chinese Civil War publications were published and the last one was titled “The fifth Volume of the Chinese Civil War, Pacification.” Each publication has different interpretation and view point to the Chinese Civil War. One can realize the evolution of the ROC MND’s historical view by summarizing these publications. ROC MND’s Chinese Civil War publications between 1952 and 1962 were mainly fragmental and not very objective due to the insufficient quality of authors. However, the published of Brief history of the pacification in 1962 demonstrates the holistic review over the military operations and integrates major events chronically. Though the fragmental issue was modified, subjective interpretation were still remain unchanged. History of the pacification were published sequentially during 1980 and 1984. This volume of books not only have a wider range of historical interpretation, but also defined the time and space in a new way. The fifth Volume of the Chinese Civil War, Pacification, published in 1989, is the last volume of books that demonstrates ROC MND’s perception on Chinese Civil War. The primary objective of this volume is to enhance the lecturing purpose, yet have great research on historical credentials. Information collected from US and PRC have been utilized to facilitate the authoring and to verify views taken in this volume. Though the ROC MND Military History Department’s historical viewpoint on Chinese Civil War is evolving, the latest publication is 25 years from today. After the History of the pacification, ROC MND needs to inject new definition to historical interpretation and apply more research resources from oversea to gain more objective view on military history study.
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