行星齒輪機構負載分配與負載分佈之實驗分析;Experimental study of load sharing and load distribution in planetary gear

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题名:	行星齒輪機構負載分配與負載分佈之實驗分析;Experimental study of load sharing and load distribution in planetary gear
作者:	邱吉駿;Chiu,Chi-chung
贡献者:	機械工程學系
关键词:	行星齒輪機構;負載分配;負載分佈;彈性銷;齒厚誤差;銷孔誤差;托架偏心誤差;太陽偏心誤差;Plnaetary gear;Load sharing;Load distribution;Flexible pin;Tooth thickness error;Pin hole position error;Eccentric error of sun gear and the carrier
日期:	2014-10-23
上传时间:	2014-11-24 15:46:52 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	行星齒輪機構是以多顆行星輪分別承受負載分配之方式來傳遞功率，因此有在相同空間下能傳遞較大功率之優勢。然而因加工與組裝誤差以及組件受載變形等因素，造成各行星齒輪間負載不等分配以及嚙合齒面負載不均等問題，因此多會使用均載機構設計來解決此問題。在眾多均載機構中，彈性銷均載機構可藉由其負載變形，使行星齒輪產生浮動以達均載效果。本論文之研究目的即在以實驗方式量測行星齒輪機構在靜態負載下之負載分配與負載分佈，以探討加工組裝誤差及組件受載變形等因素之影響。在本論文中先以發展之理論，分析各項加工與組裝誤差對負載分配之影響，其誤差種類包括行星輪齒齒厚、銷孔之切向與徑向誤差，還有托架與太陽齒輪偏心誤差等，其中行星輪齒齒厚、銷孔之切向與徑向誤差對負載分配之影響不隨托架轉動角度變化，而托架與太陽齒輪偏心誤差會使負載分配隨著托架旋轉動產生周期性之變化。而各類誤差對負載分配影響中最大的為托架偏心誤差、隨後為太陽齒輪偏心誤差，再來是行星齒輪銷孔位置之切向誤差，然後是行星輪之齒厚誤差，而銷孔位置之徑向誤差對負載分配影響最不明顯。本論文實驗採用之行星齒輪機構包括太陽固定式行星機構(3顆行星輪)與具彈性銷之行星機構(5顆行星輪)等兩種，實驗方式以背對背且功率封閉之實驗平台進行加載量測，輸入裝置則捨棄電動機，改以蝸輪分度之方式輸入轉動角度來進行量測。量測數據分別量測環齒輪齒根應變與太陽齒輪齒根應變，另外於彈性銷上黏貼應變規量測其應變變形。負載部份則以扭矩200Nm與300Nm分別量測。由實驗結果分析可知負載分配率隨托架轉動產生激烈變化，可知托架偏心與太陽偏心相對於整體負載分配率變化占有相當之重要角色。而扭力越大，負載分配之高低差值會降低。由負載分佈量測結果可發現，太陽固定式行星機構之負載分佈極度不均，而彈性銷機構則能有效改善齒面負載分佈不均。 ;Because planetary gear drives transmit power parallel through split-path of multiple planets, they own the advantage of higher power density in comparison of other gear drives. However, uneven load sharing among the planets and uneven load distribution on the engaged flanks occur due to the manufacturing errors and assembly errors as well as the deformation of the components in the planetary gear set. In order to solve this problem of the related component by using flexible element or floating gears. The well known methods are the design with a floating sun gear and with flexible pins. The aim of this study is to analyze the static load sharing and load distribution in planetary gear sets having manufacturing and assembly errors. The uneven load sharing due to the eccentric error of the carrier and/or the sun gear vary cyclically with carrier rotation, but the invariant load sharing is affected only by the tooth thickness error and pin hole position errors. Among the errors in the planetary gear set, the eccentric error of the carrier affect the load sharing the most. The next is eccentric error of the sun gear. The tangential pin hole position error and the tooth thickness error. The radial pin hole position has the least effect on the load sharing. Two types of planetary gear sets were tested in the study: a planetary gear set with a fixed sun gear location (three planets), and a planetary gear set with a flexible-pin mechanism (five planets). The loads acting on the teeth were measured on the test rig with close_loop type (“back-to-back” type). A worm gear device is use to set the input rotation angle of the sun gear. Strain gauges were mounted on the tooth roots of the ring gear and sun gear, and also on the flexible pins to acquire the load data. The test torque for the planetary gear set was chosen as 200 Nm and 300 Nm in the study. The result of the experimental study shows that the load sharing factor varies cyclicaly with the rotation of the carrier. The main influence factor for uneven load sharing are the eccentric error of the carrier and the sun gear, as expected. The larger torque can also reduce the uneven load sharing. The result of the load distribution shows that the design of flex-pin could effectively improve the uneven distributed of tooth surface.
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