本研究從鋅空氣電池電解質的觀點切入，目的為解決鋅陽極在充放電過程中形成枝晶狀結構、在鹼性水溶液中易腐蝕及提升循環效率等問題。在含有25 g/L氧化鋅之6 M氫氧化鉀溶液中，加入3000 ppm不同添加劑，結果發現添加酒石酸者，可使循環效率從75.3 %提升至83.8 %為最多。 表面型態方面，添加檸檬酸者經過循環充放電後，鋅晶粒無明顯枝晶狀結構出現。添加CTAB、PEG 600與PEG 1000較有助於細化電極表面生成的鋅晶粒，抑制形成枝晶狀結構；XRD分析結果也同時發現，其鋅晶粒之(002)結晶面繞射強度較無添加劑者低。 在腐蝕抑制方面，從極化曲線可知，有機酸類如EDTA、不同分子量之PEG、離子液體陰離子鹽類如LiPF6、NaBF4、NaDCA、介面活性劑如CTAB添加劑都有減緩鋅腐蝕的作用，而PEG 1000添加劑使鋅金屬的腐蝕電位從-1.517 V上升至-1.489 V，腐蝕電流從498.05 μA/cm2下降至159.87 μA/cm2，抑制鋅溶解效果最佳。 ;From the point of zinc-air battery electrolyte, we aim at solving the zinc anode dendritic structure which is formed during charge/discharge process, easing corrosion and enhance current efficiency in an alkaline aqueous solution. In this study, 6 M potassium hydroxide solution containing 25 g/L zinc oxide was added 3000 ppm of different additives found that by adding tartaric acid, can promote current efficiency from 75.3% to 83.8%. In morphology, after charge-discharge cycles, the solution adding citric acid has no significant dendritic structure. Adding CTAB, PEG 600 and PEG 1000 refine zinc grains and inhibit the formation of dendritic structure; XRD analysis also found that the diffraction intensity of basal plane (002) in Zn is lower compared no additives solution. In corrosion inhibition, polarization curves shows that organic acids such as EDTA, PEG of different molecular weight, ionic liquids anionic salts such as LiPF6, NaBF4, NaDCA, surfactants such as CTAB has a slowing effect of zinc corrosion additives, and PEG 1000 Additives make corrosion potential of zinc metal increased from -1.517 V to -1.489 V, the corrosion current decreased from 498.05 μA / cm2 to 159.87 μA / cm2 which has best property of anti-corrosion in Zn metal.
