| 摘要: | 近年來，家電產品受到新科技的影響，市面上可選擇的家電產品越來越多，再加上政府鼓勵採用節省能源的產品，民眾更換或淘汰家中老舊家電產品的意願大幅上升。故本研究旨在利用假設性市場評價法進行問卷設計，並藉由雙界二分選擇的詢價方式，探討全台都市地區的一般消費者日常回收態度、行為與個人特質對於廢四機(電視/電冰箱/洗衣機/冷暖氣機)回收的影響效果，並進一步估算消費者對於廢棄冰箱回收服務的最高願意支付金額(WTP)與最低願意接受補償金額(WTA)。
本研究中總共收集台灣大都會區(台北、桃園、新竹、台中、台南、高雄)747份有效問卷，並根據問卷設計的方式分別利用間斷選擇模型：Probit Model與Bivariate Probit Model以及連續性選擇模型：OLS Model與Tobit Model進行估計。研究估計結果顯示，在間斷型模型估計之下，消費者對於廢冰箱回收計畫的最高願意支付金額平均估計結果約介於NT$1004.66到NT$1215元間，且僅有性別變數與出價金額具有顯著效果；而最低願意接受補償金額的估計平均值約為NT$2503.7~NT$2627元間。WTA與WTP的比值約為2.16~2.51。而在連續性的模型估計之中，進一步將「不願意支付者」納入模型中估算，估計結果顯示最高願意支付金額的平均值約介於NT$886到NT$1157元之間；而最低願意接受補償金額估計平均值約為NT$595到NT$648元。
;Due to the advanced technology development, consumers would have more and more choices in home appliance market. Furthermore, the Taiwanese government exerts great efforts in promoting energy-saving products, people are more willing to discard and recycle the old one. The main point of this paper was to use contingent valuation method (CVM) and designed a survey to analyze the effect from consumers’ behavior. In the questionnaire, we adopted double -bounded dichotomous choice scheme to investigate consumers’ attitudes toward recycling issue, their daily recycling habits, and also their personal characteristics. Then we used these information to discover if there were any effects on e-waste recycle and estimated consumers’ willingness to pay(WTP) and willingness to accept(WTA) for fridge recycling service.
Survey data was from 747 consumers in urban areas and, in this paper, discrete choice model (Probit model, Bivariate probit model) and continuous model (OLS, Tobit model) were used to analyze the causal effect. From discrete models, respondents were found WTP for recycling service was from NT$1,004 to NT$1,215 dollars, and only gender and bid price had significant effects. On the other hand, the estimated average WTA was from NT$2,503 to NT$2,627 dollars; the disparity between WTA and WTP was around 2.16~2.51. From continuous models, including protest zero observations, the results showed that the average WTP for recycling service was between NT$886 and NT$1,157 dollars; the average WTA was between NT$595 and NT$648, lower than WTP estimation. |
