行為安全執行策略探討-以某紡絲事業單位為例;A Study on Implementation Strategy of Behavior-Based Safety

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题名:	行為安全執行策略探討-以某紡絲事業單位為例;A Study on Implementation Strategy of Behavior-Based Safety
作者:	郭森立;Kuo,Sen-Li
贡献者:	環境工程研究所在職專班
关键词:	行為安全;行為安全推動策略;領導與承諾;behavior based safety;behavior based safety implementation strategy;leadership commitment
日期:	2015-07-17
上传时间:	2015-09-23 15:29:42 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	意外傷害造成的原因，一為不安全的狀態，另一為不安全的行為，其中不安全的行為佔80%到90%以上，而且不安全的狀態往往是人的行為所造成，根據冰山的說法看到傷害時，水面下已經累積了許多的不安全行為和不安全狀態，所以要降低職業傷害率，需要把有顧慮的不安全的行為改變成安全行為，則意外傷害就可以有效地減少，行為安全BBS (behavior based safety)策略是把顧慮的危險行為改變成安全行為的方法之一。職安衛管理系統的成功主要仰賴領導與承諾，尤其是來自於管理階層保證，因為管理階層的影響範圍廣，可以利用廣泛議題相關的機會，消除或將造成人員傷害的風險降到最低。管理階層可以利用職安衛管理系統和組織營運與治理程序的整合、策略和決策、職安衛目標和其他營運重點的配合，確認因應行為安全執行的有效性，本研究行為安全的執行策略探討係以某事業單位為例，於工作場所中用ISO 45001架構的領導與承諾和PDCA的方法推動行為安全，領導與承諾的目的是提供行為安全執行的建置、運作、維持和改善所需適當的財務、人力和組織性資源，於職權範圍內有效的執行行為安全，並保證組織對行為要求達到HSG 65要求的溝通、合作、控制和專業能力，規劃是事業單位要建立推動小組、觀察人員和行為觀察表，執行是行為觀察是排定觀察時間表觀察，並將觀察的結果記錄於行為觀察表，查核是把觀察記錄結果變成主動式指標，推動小組的成員評論觀察的品質，矯正是對既定的計畫做修正，所以在工作場所中以領導與承諾和PDCA的方法，執行行為安全的策略以某紡絲事業單位為例，已經提高安全行為達到降低意外傷害目的。 ;Unsafe condition and unsafe behavior are the primary causes of occupational injuries. Unsafe behavior accounts for 80-90% of all workplace injuries and sometimes the unsafe behavior also results in unsafe conditions. According to the iceberg theory, when an injury occurred, like the emerging part of the iceberg above the surface of water, there are lots of unseen unsafe conditions and unsafe behaviors underneath. Hence elimination of unsafe behaviors is the best way to prevent injuries. In other words, employees’ at-risk behaviors must be identified and changed. Behavior based safety is one of the best ways to reverse the concerned and at-risk behavior to a safe one. Successful health and safety management system mainly rely on leadership commitment, especially the managerial commitment since their involvement is broader than employees and could deliver the important health and safety “felt leadership” to influence the behaviors of employees and to eliminate the injury risk to the lowest level. Leadership can integrate the health and safety goals with business strategies to effectively implement behavior based safety, BBS. A case study on the implementation strategy of BBS is presented in this study. The strategy encompasses the ISO 45001 structure on leadership commitment and the Plan-Do-Check-Aact cycle. The purpose of leadership commitment is to establish, operate, maintain and improve the BBS program and to provide the required resources such as manpower or financial support. The management’s responsibility is to effectively implement BBS and ensure the organization can achieve HSG65’s requirements on communication, cooperation, control and competence. The BBS program includes the establishment of a steering team, the development of focused behavior checklists and the training of observers. The second step of BBS is to conduct observation by the planned schedule, with anonymous record and quick feedback. To check the effectiveness of the program, the next step is to turn the observations into proactive safety indicators and to monitor the observation quality by the steering team. The last PDCA step is to manage the program toward achieving the final goals. This case study proves that leadership commitment and the PDCA cycle are essential to the success of a BBS program to raise safety behavior and reduce the risk of injury.
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