天然氣發電廠最佳化調度模式探討 —同時考量環保與經濟因素;Optimal of Natural Gas Power Plant Dispatch Model - Considering Both Environmental and Economic Factors

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Title:	天然氣發電廠最佳化調度模式探討 —同時考量環保與經濟因素;Optimal of Natural Gas Power Plant Dispatch Model - Considering Both Environmental and Economic Factors
Authors:	林志強;LIN,CHIH-CHIANG
Contributors:	環境工程研究所在職專班
Keywords:	二氧化碳;氮氧化物;拉格朗日乘數法;粒子群演算法;氣渦輪機;電力調度;CO2;NOx;Lagrange Multiplier Method;Particle Swarm Optimization;Gas Turbine;Power Dispatch
Date:	2015-07-29
Issue Date:	2015-09-23 15:30:14 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	由於氣候變遷、環保意識抬頭，電力市場的經營必須兼顧經濟與環保方能提升整體競爭力以永續經營。本論文提出天然氣發電廠考量經濟因素與二氧化碳及氮氧化物排放等環保因素之最佳化調度模式，首先以機組效率試驗資料分別建構發電燃料成本、二氧化碳排放、氮氧化物排放等數學模型此模型為連續多項式函數，利用拉格朗日乘數法及粒子群演算法具有設定參數少及收斂速度快等特點來最佳化數學模型，求取最小燃料成本及最小排放量之單目標調度模式，再以雙目標妥協法建構兼顧經濟與環保之電力調度策略。研究結果顯示各機組運轉之污染排放量分析可作為氣渦輪機燃燒調校的決策參考。在電力調度上本文除以固定負載分析外，亦以實際一日負載需求驗證所提出之經濟及排放減量調度理念。其中以燃料成本為調度目標可日減燃料成本七十九萬元（相當於效率提升0.51 %）、二氧化碳排放量1018.3 ton（3.88 %）、氮氧化物排放量171.4 kg（1.42 %）之成效；另一方面，若以氮氧化物排放為調度目標則可日減氮氧化物排放量536.7 kg （4.44 %）、減少燃料成本五十點六萬元（相當於效率提升0.37%）、二氧化碳排放量減少888.8 ton（3.39 %）。此外，若以二氧化碳排放為調度目標則可達日減二氧化碳排放量1538.9 ton（5.86%）之效果，但燃料成本增加二十八點五萬元（相當於效率降低0.21 %）且氮氧化物排放量增加1738 kg（14.37 %）；因此運轉決策者可依據上述結果，視實際需求擬定運轉調度策略，以達到同時兼顧經濟與環保的電力調度規劃目的。;Due to the concerns of climate change and the rise of environmental protection consciousness, operation of electricity-generation system should take economics and environmental protection into account to achieve better overall competitiveness and sustainable management. This thesis proposes an optimal dispatch model by considering fuel consumption and environmental factors including CO2 and NOx emissions from a natural gas power plant. At first, a mathematical model considering the cost of fuel, CO2 and NOx emission was constructed by compiling the information collected during efficiency testing. The output pf this model is a continuous polynomial function. Next, it uses Lagrange Multiplier Method and Particle Swarm Optimization with less parameters and higher convergence speed to optimize the mathematical mode by obtaining the minimum fuel cost or minimum pollutant emissions. The single objective dispatch mode is then further developd to take economics and environmental protection into account and works as a dual-objective compromise method. The results indicate that analysis of pollutants emitted from each unit can be regarded as a strategic decision parameter of gas turbine combustion tuning. In addition to fixed load analysis, the concept of minimizing fuel cost and pollutant emissions can be adopted for power dispatching by considing actual load demand. The results indicate that optimization of fuel cost as the dispatching objective can reduce the daily fuel cost by seven hundred ninety thousand NT dollars (equivalent to rise up 0.51% of efficiency), CO2 emission is reduced by 1018.3 ton (3.88%), and NOx emission is reduced by 171.4 kg (1.42%). On the other hand, optimization with NOx emission as the daily dispatching objective can reduce daily NOx emission by 536.7 kg (4.44%) and decrease fuel cost by five hundred and six thousand NT dollars (equivalent to 0.37% of efficiency increase) and reduce CO2 emission by 888.8 ton (3.39%). Furthermore, optimization with CO2 emission as the dispatching objective would reduce the daily CO2 emission by 1538.9 ton (5.86%), but fuel cost is increased by two hundred eighty-five thousand NT dollars (equivalent to 0.21% of efficiency reduction) and NOx emission is increased by 1738 kg (14.37%). Therefore, the decision maker can take these results and draw up the operation dispatching strategy by considering actual load demand to achieve the best power dispatch mode by considering both economic and environmental factors.
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