| 摘要: | 黑碳是交通汙染源的指標之一，由於其不規則的構形易夾帶有機物、無機物甚至是有毒物質，若人體長期吸入會增加致癌率。近年來，許多研究探討暴露在奈米黑碳微粒環境下對於健康的影響，但針對帶電微粒所導致的健康傷害目前尚未有清楚的了解，因此本研究針對帶電奈米黑碳微粒對於呼吸道健康進行研究，並建立一套穩定的奈米黑碳微粒暴露系統。實驗將BALB/c雌性小鼠暴露於奈米黑碳微粒且分為帶正電與帶負電兩組，每組各有四種條件，分別為高濃度、低濃度、電性中和及HEPA控制組，每日暴露八小時且持續一周。利用電移動度分析儀 (DMA) 篩選微粒粒徑為70 nm，後端以電移動度掃描分徑器 (SMPS) 確認篩選粒徑、奈米微粒表面積偵測器 (NSAM) 量測微粒沉積在肺部的表面積、氣膠電流計 (AE) 確認微粒的電性、黑碳監測儀 (AE31)量測黑碳濃度與同時收集濾紙進行成份與構形分析。綜合以上儀器可隨時監測系統的穩定性，並且相互比較量測值的準確性。暴露後一週犧牲並收集小鼠的肺部灌洗液、血液與肺部組織，評估發炎反應與肺部組織的破壞程度 (BALF Total Protein、BALF LDH、Serum IL-6、Lung 8-Isoprostane、Lung Caspase-3、Lung BPDE)。BALF-LDH、Lung 8-Isoprostane、 Serum IL-6皆與黑碳的質量濃度、肺部沉積表面積濃度與電流量有良好的線性關係。尤其BALF-LDH的分析具有最佳的相關性，並可觀察出在低暴露劑量的範圍下，比起正電與電性中和黑碳奈米微粒，負電黑碳奈米微粒所造成的生物毒性較低。;Soot particle is one of the indicators of traffic pollution. It can contain organic, inorganic or even toxic substances easier due to its irregular structure. Exposure to soot particle significantly increased the risk of lung cancer. In recent years, many studies investigate the health effects after exposure to soot particles, but for the charged particles is not clear understanding yet. Therefore, this study establish a stable soot particle exposure system and study the biological responses of mouse after exposing to the charged soot particles. BALB/c female mice were exposed to soot particles into positively and negatively charged groups, each have four conditions (high concentration, low concentration, electrical and control group), and exposed for eight hours a day and last for a week. Soot particle size were select 70 nm by Differential Mobility Analyze (DMA) and confirm particle size by Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS), Nanoparticle Surface Area Monitor (NSAM) measure the surface area of the particles deposited in the lungs, Aerosol Electrometer (AE) confirm the electric charge of particles, Aethalometer (AE31) and Optical Transmissometer (OT21) measure the concentration of soot particle. At the same time, filter were collect soot particle for composition and structure analysis. Based on the above instruments, they can monitor the stability of the system and the compare the accuracy of the measurement data. After exposure, we collected lung tissue, serum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mouse to study the biological responses (BALF-Total Protein、BALF-LDH、Serum-IL-6、Lung-8-Isoprostane、Lung-Caspase-3、Lung-BPDE). The levels of BALF-LDH, Lung 8-Isoprostane and Serum IL-6 are well linearly correlated to BC mass concentration, lung deposition surface area concentration and charge current. Especially for BALF-LDH, the correlations are almost perfect linear. Furthermore, the responses for negative charged soot particles are significantly lower than both neutral and positive charge particles (especially in low exposure dosage range). |
