超塑成形(Superplastic Forming, SPF)工法已有多年被成熟的使用在航太產業，然在推廣至汽車製造業，因為生產速度慢無法普及量產。此時由美國通用汽車公司(General Motors, GM)以超塑成形為基底而開發一種名為快塑成形(Quick Plastic Forming, QPF)的實用技術，並且成功運用在其鋁合金車身鈑片零件之生產製程上。 「汽車車身輕量化」蔚為各國汽車業者的共同發展趨勢，其不二法門為採用高強度薄鋼片、鋁合金、複合材料或鎂合金，後二者似乎還不實際，而前二者之彼此競爭力應尚無定論。所以鋁合金已成車身材料的主要選項，而開發可行的鋁合金成形技術是有其相對的重要性與成本效益，因此美國通用汽車在開發快塑成形技術之重要歷程與經驗是值得吾人深入瞭解與借鏡的。 鑑於國內學界或汽車業者對快塑成形技術基本上並無著墨，本研究即著眼於此，也針對國內未來的可能需要，透過大量初級、次級文獻整理方式，全面性且有系統地將快塑成形之發展歷程、技術特色及重要成果等予以探討與歸納分析，並提出後續研究的建議方向，期能提供國內有意開發的產業與後繼研究群參酌與運用。;The technology of "Superplastic Forming" was used ripely in the aerospace industry for many years. However, it extended to the automotive industry but cannot application generally because its production is slow. At this time, a practical technology in foundation of superplastic forming was developed by U.S. General Motors and called " Quick Plastic Forming, QPF", as well as it was used successfully to the production process for automobile body parts with aluminum alloy. Fortunately "automotive body lightweight" is already the common trend of development by the automobile industry in various countries. The only way is that them are made by high-strength thin steel, aluminum alloy, composite or magnesium alloy. The latter two donot seem real, and the competitiveness of each of the first two should be inconclusive.So aluminum alloy among others has become the main options of materials for automobile body. The development of a viable forming technology for aluminum alloy is importance and cost-effectiveness relatively. Therefore, the important course and experience of technology development of QPF by U.S. General Motors is deserved to understanding and learning deeply. In view of the domestic academia or automobile industry does not research to QPF basically, wherefore the present study is based on this view and prepares for domestic possible requirement in the future. Through a large number of primary and secondary literature review mode, the development, technical features and important achievement of QPF are investigated and inductive analyzed. In addition to propose the suggests for future research direction, the present study expects to provide that domestic interested industries and following researchers deliberate and apply.
