以奈米小球提升矽薄膜太陽能電池吸收之研究;Research on the absorption of silicon thin-film solar cell with nanosphere structure

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题名:	以奈米小球提升矽薄膜太陽能電池吸收之研究;Research on the absorption of silicon thin-film solar cell with nanosphere structure
作者:	謝宏健;Hung-Chien Hsieh
贡献者:	光電科學研究所
关键词:	太陽能電池;物理氣相沉積法;奈米小球;單層鋪排;溶膠凝膠法;有限時域差分法;PVD;thin film solar cell;sol-gel;FDTD;monolayer;nanosphere
日期:	2008-06-30
上传时间:	2009-09-22 10:36:04 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	本文使用溶膠-凝膠法在鹼性環境下形成奈米級的小球有成本低且容易大量製造的優點。並將小球以Dip-Coating的方式單層鋪排在玻璃基板上，再利用物理氣相沈積法(PVD)的方式製鍍薄膜太陽能電池的吸收層，相較於目前業界所使用的化學氣相沈積法(CVD)來說，有設備成本低吸無毒的優點。故本文採用射頻磁控濺鍍系統來鍍製薄膜太陽能電池之吸收層。目前有許多種方式來增加薄膜太陽能電池對太陽光譜的吸收效率，其中texture為一個重要且熱門的研究主題。本文以奈米級的小球作為新式的texture結構並應用在太陽能電池中的吸收層上。借由探討小球的形狀讓光在吸收層中路徑變長使得吸收機率變高進而增加入射光的吸收，由實驗証實在使用小球後比起同製程下無小球結構的矽薄膜在波長550nm~700nm吸收增加的效果特別顯著。其中250nm的矽薄膜搭配250nm的球可以在長波長有6.2倍的增加。本文中利用觀察SEM的結果來推測矽薄膜的成膜的機制。再利用FDTD軟體建立一個模擬來驗證實驗量測得到的數值。證實使用奈米球的確可以幫助太陽能電池的吸收層得到更多的光，增加吸收量。因此可以在有小球結構下可以讓我們的吸收層厚度變低讓制程時間變短，所須要的厚度變低進而達到成本降低的目的。Thin film solar cells generated less power per area than traditional silicon cells. In this article, the monolayer of nanospheres synthesized by sol-gel method was applied to be the texture structure of the absorption layer in thin film solar cell. How to improve the efficiency becomes an important topic for researchers. Sol-gel synthesized the nanospheres has the advantage of produce easily and cheaply. To compare physical vapor deposition (PVD) with chemical vapor deposition (CVD), CVD had disadvantage like high facility cost and using the toxic processing gases such as silane (SiH_4). Reactive RF-magnetron sputter was employed to fabricate the absorption layer of the thin film solar cell. In this study the absorption was measured by the integrate sphere. To compare the nanosphere structure with the reference structure (without nanospheres), the absorption enhancement in between the wavelength from 550nm to 700nm was simulated and achieved about 3 to 6 times and the mechanism of the deposition was discussed by observing SEM pictures. The simulation was built up and the result shows that the trends of measurement are similar. By using this new texture structure, the fabrication of the solar cell can reduce the production cost, process time, make the thickness of the absorption layer less than before, and increase efficiency.
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