我國橋梁約2.9萬座，並分由臺鐵局、高公局、公路總局及各縣市政府負責管養。依據目前之相關養護規範，橋梁檢測以目視為主，儀器為輔，故一般進行檢測作業時，多以徒步及攀爬方式儘可能接近橋梁結構物後，再以目視判定橋梁構件之狀況。如遇高橋墩或跨河橋梁時，雖可利用橋梁檢測車、高空作業車或小型船艇輔助趨近，然對於車流量大或偏遠山區橋梁而言，由於檢測車體積較大、操作費時且成本較高，因此相關巡檢作業仍有精進空間。 交通部運輸研究所於103年及104年發展「橋梁檢測工具效能提升計畫」研究(以下簡稱前期計畫)，初步成功整合低價位無人飛行載具(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle，簡稱UAV)及相關軟硬設備，即藉由無人機掛載之鏡頭，自動擷取橋梁構件之影像以供檢測之用。前期計畫更透過影像組合方式，成功產出3D橋梁影像。惟為求3D影像品質更加細緻化且應用更加廣泛，本計畫希望藉由搭載多鏡頭或環景鏡頭方式，於UAV飛行過程中，穩定訊號之接收品質並降低雜訊干擾；再者，3D影像產出後，如能結合時下熱門之虛擬實境(Virtual Reality ，VR)功能，一來有助於後端人員詳細確認橋梁構件劣化之位置及狀態，二來亦可做為橋梁檢測人員於入門訓練之模擬操作。 此外，針對水面下橋基表面情形或沖刷深度等現象，傳統上仍透過檢測人員穿著潛水裝備進行檢視，惟此舉不但耗費人力，且於深水處或水質混濁情形下，水下結構物難以接近且危險性極高，因此，本計畫亦探討以長距離攝影支架或延長桿等工具，檢測水下結構物之可行性。 綜上所述，本計畫將透過UAV附掛多鏡頭與結合VR功能，並初步開發水下檢測工具等方式，提升橋梁目視檢測效益與後端應用價值，以「智慧檢測+身歷其境」之理念，持續提升橋梁檢測作業之品質及效率。 ;Currently there are around 29 thousand bridges in Taiwan that are managed and maintained by Taiwan Railways Administration, Taiwan Area National Freeway Bureau, Directorate General of Highways, and city and county governments. According to bridge maintenance manuals and codes, these bridges are inspected visually and assisted by devices if necessary. Normally, the visual inspection is performed by inspectors who approach bridge components by walking or climbing. For bridges having high piers or crossing deep rivers, inspection trucks or boats are utilized to perform such inspection. However, for bridges having large amount of traffic volume or being located in rural areas, those trucks are too bulky to be used. There is much room for improvement for the bridge inspection task. Institute of Transportation (IOT) conducted a research project from 2014 through 2015 using a low-cost unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to improve the efficiency of bridge inspection. The UAV is automated by preplanned flying routes to capture images of bridge components using its loaded cameras. Three dimensional (3D) bridge models were primitively built in that project. Thus, in this project, better quality of captured images of bridge components using more stabilized UAVs carrying cameras with higher resolution or special surround cameras, is expected in order to build better 3D bridge models. The popular virtual reality (VR) technology will be incorporated to view the built 3D bridge models so that simulation of bridge inspection can be performed. In addition, due to the facts that scouring is a serious problem and is very hard to inspect for the bridges in Taiwan, a special underwater inspection tool will be developed in this project to replace the need of having divers approaching underwater bridge piers. The underwater inspection tool will be an integration of a long and extendable rod and cameras. Other underwater inspection tools will also be explored. In sum, based on the concepts of “inspect wisely as if standing by the inspected component,” this project will develop a prototype VR system for bridge inspection using the images captured by UAVs, and will investigate underwater inspection tools. The developed VR system and underwater inspection tools are expected to improve the efficiency and quality of bridge inspection in Taiwan. ;研究期間：10506 ~ 10512
