董士錫生平及其詞學研究

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题名:	董士錫生平及其詞學研究
作者:	陳米德;Chen,Mi-Te
贡献者:	中國文學系
关键词:	董士錫;張惠言;周濟;董毅;《齊物論齋文集》;《續詞選》;《詞辨》;清代詞論
日期:	2016-07-12
上传时间:	2016-10-13 12:38:34 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	董士錫(1782年─1831年)為嘉、道年間常州詞派的重要人物，其於嘉慶元年(1796年)到嘉慶三年(1798年)之間至安徽歙縣向張惠言問學，除了師徒關係，董士錫同時也為張惠言的外甥、女婿；另外，董士錫於嘉慶九年(1804年)認識周濟，兩人對詞學有諸多討論，影響了周濟的詞學觀。董士錫終生未仕，客遊四方，和包世臣、阮元、焦循、陸繼輅、吳德旋等皆有往來，曾於嘉慶二十二年(1817年)代李兆洛續修《懷遠縣志》，以及於道光元年(1821年)應南河總督黎世垿之邀，修《續行水金鑑》。歷來對董士錫的詞學評價，多認為是介於張惠言與周濟之間的過渡，事實上董士錫於詞學之道多有不同於張惠言的見解，而其獨具的詞學觀啟迪了周濟，奠定日後周濟詞學成就的根基，實具有重要的影響。本文首先探討前人研究較為不足的董士錫生平、家世，了解其詞學觀形成的背景，接著討論董士錫的詞論和張惠言、周濟詞論的異同，以及探討董士錫之子董毅《續詞選》、周濟《詞辨》，了解董士錫對於兩部詞選可能的影響，最後綜合上述的研究成果，重新評價董士錫的詞學地位。 ;Shixi Dong (1782–1831 AD) was an important figure of the Changzhou poetry school during the Jiaqing and Daoguang eras. He went to She County in Anhui Province for studies and he was mentored by Huiyan Zhang from the first to the third year (1796–1798) of Jiaqing’s reign. Shixi was not only Huiyan’s disciple but also his nephew and son-in-law. Moreover, Shixi acquainted himself with Ji Zhou in the ninth year of Jiaqing’s reign (1804). The massive discussions on Ci-poems between the two influenced Ji Zhou’s stance on the Ci-poem Theory. Shixi never served as an official in his whole life but instead traveled widely. He also made friendships with others, such as Shichen Bao, Yuan Ruan, Xun Jiao, and Jilu Lu. In the twentieth year of Jiaqing’s reign (1817), Shixi continued the compilation work of Huaiyuan County Annals (Huaiyuan Xian Zhi) as a substitute for Zhaoluo Li. In the first year of Daoguang’s reign (1821), he was invited by the Viceroy of Southern Rivers, Shixu Li, to edit the book Xu Xing Shui Jin Jian. Shixi’s Ci-poem achievements have always been considered a transitional style from Huiyan’s works to Ji Zhou’s works. In fact, Shixi’s works were very influential; not only did he pose many notions different from Huiyan’s Ci-poem viewpoints, but with his unique insights, he also enlightened Ji Zhou and laid the foundation of Ji’s later achievements in Ci-poem studies. To understand the background against which Shixi formed his view on Ci-poem studies, this article first investigates his life and family background, which were not sufficiently explored in previous studies. Subsequently, this article explores the similarities and differences between Shixi’s, Huiyan’s, and Ji’s theories on Ci-poems. Next, it reviews Xu Ci Xuan written by Shixi’s son Yi Dong, and Ci Bian written by Ji Zhou to examine the potential influence that Shixi might have had on these two Ci-poem selections. Lastly, this article re-evaluates Shixi’s standing in Ci-poem studies by making a conclusion based on the above discussion.
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