本論文利用近場電紡織技術(near-field electrospinning，NFES)，研究壓電奈米纖維並且製作成奈米發電機(nanogenetator，NG)/形變感測器，此技術在現今仍就是一項新穎的技術，NFES能將大面積排列、沈積一维或二維的壓電奈米纖維網格。在本論文中，我們研發一種以印刷紙為基板的自供電感測器(paper-based self-powered sensors，PBSSs)，並且利用近場電紡織技術，以直寫(direct-write)的方式將壓電高分子材料聚偏氟乙烯(polyvinylidene fluoride，PVDF)沉積在印刷紙上，形成三維的微/奈米纖維結構，相較於以往只能將纖維平行且二維的平躺在基板上，本研究有著相當大的創新。透過壓電原理，當PBSSs上的纖維高度約為400μm時，可產生電壓及電流約為4V以及100nA的輸出。此外，我們結合3D列印波浪基板，製作波浪狀奈米發電機，透過NFES技術將PVDF奈米纖維直寫在波浪狀基板上，使纖維在基板上呈現波浪三維結構，這種結構能夠大大提升壓電輸出。最後我們製作出三維奈米纖維結構自供電感測器，應用在人體各處如：足壓量測、人體運動監測、手指關節監測。本論文所提出之技術，成功將纖維以三維化呈現，未來可望在生物醫學以及穿戴式裝置上有著很好的發展潛力。;Near-field electrospinning (NFES) is a newly-established technique by electrically charged a polymer solution to produce the site addressable one-dimensional (1D) fibers or two-dimensional (2D) aligned fibrous meshes. Nevertheless, the direct electrospinning of fibers into controllable is still a nascent technology. In this thesis, a new integration of paper-based self-powered sensors (PBSSs) and three-dimensional (3D) architectures of NFES electrospun polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) micro/nano fibers (MNFs) is demonstrated in a direct-write and in-situ poled manner. Owing to the principle of piezoelectricity, the uni-poled dipole moment will be accumulated across the electrospun fibers and the output voltage and current could reach to 4V and 100 nA respectively. Furthermore, the additive manufacture of 3D printed technique is applied to fabricate the sinusoidal wavy substrate and NFES electrospun fibers in the 3D topology. This 3D architecture is capable of greatly enhancing the piezoelectric output. Finally, the proposed piezoelectrically integrated 3D architecture is applied to the self-powered sensors such as foot pressure measurement, human motion monitoring and finger-induced power generation. The proposed technique has the potential to advance the existing electrospinning technologies in constructing 3D structures for biomedical and wearable electronics.
