更換低噪音工具以改善廠房噪音之研究-以汽車製造A廠為例;Reducing Noise Level and Exposure via Tool Replacement–Case Study of a Motor Vehicle Manufacturer

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題名:	更換低噪音工具以改善廠房噪音之研究-以汽車製造A廠為例;Reducing Noise Level and Exposure via Tool Replacement–Case Study of a Motor Vehicle Manufacturer
作者:	鄭亦男;Cheng,Yi-Nan
貢獻者:	環境工程研究所在職專班
關鍵詞:	汽車裝配作業;噪音危害;手工具改善;wrenches;noise exposure;hearing loss;vehicle manufacturer
日期:	2016-07-21
上傳時間:	2016-10-13 15:25:59 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	汽車製造廠裝配作業具有長時間工作與作業高重複性等特性，其作業危害主要包含有重力物件壓\夾傷、人因性危害及噪音危害，其中重力物件壓\夾傷與人因性危害，可透過工程改善與行政作業管理等方式進行大幅度改善。然而，人員噪音暴露危害問題卻始終難以解決，人員長期暴露於噪音中，除了造成感音性聽力損失外，亦會產生心理影響、遮蔽效應、語言溝通影響與工作表現等。因此，本研究針對其裝配線噪音發生源進行調查與分析，發現其手工具係主要噪音來源後，針對手工具部分進行改善，以降低人員的噪音暴露危害。在符合鎖付扭力要求前提下，進行手工具空轉時及模擬鎖付時之鎖付噪音量測，其結果顯示新式手工具在模擬鎖付時平均噪音值為91.8 dB(A) 較現行使用手工具之平均噪音值降低約11 dB(A)。透過實際更換作業線上之手工具，進行前後個人噪音暴露量測比較後，其結果發現導入新式手工具之作業站勞工平均八小時暴露劑量為82.5 dB(A)較原手工具平均噪音值降低約4.9 dB(A)。本研究目前僅針對手工具部分進行工程改善之探討，研究結果顯示新式手工具導入後，可大幅度改善人員噪音暴露情形且具有經濟效益，可推廣至各汽車製造廠進行噪音暴露改善。;In the motor vehicle assembly line, employees typically have long working hours and suffer highly from repeated operation problem. The operation hazards associated may include cuts, crushing, ergonomics hazard, and exposure to hazardous noise. Among those hazards, cuts, crushing, and ergonomics hazard can generally be improved by engineering control and personal protective devices. However, employees′ long-term exposure to noise is difficult to resolve and it will cause hearing loss, psychological influence, masking effect, communication influence, and poor performance. The purpose of this research is to reduce employees′ noise exposure level. After investigating the sources of noise in the motor vehicle assembly line, we found the hand tools used such as electric and air impact wrenches were the major sources of noise. Our major target was to apply the new wrenches which are of low noise level in a lock attachment torque force of quality needs. In the simulative test, the noise level of new electric wrench fastening a screw was measured as 91.8 dB(A), which is 11 dB(A) lower than the old one. After replacing air impact wrenches with new electric wrenches in the assembly line, the employees′ noise exposure level was significantly reduced to 82.5 dB(A) which is 4.9 dB(A) lower than before. Although this research only discussed wrenches replacement, the results obtained reveal that replacing new electric wrenches could effectively reduce employees′ noise exposure level and brings economic benefits. It has set a model for other motor vehicle manufacturers to improve employee’s noise exposure.
顯示於類別:	[環境工程研究所碩士在職專班] 博碩士論文

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