| 摘要: | 故事「海克力斯的選擇」從十五世紀以來，一直都是藝術家喜愛描繪的題材之一。透過圖版搜集，發現該題材的相關作品在構圖上有著一貫的圖像傳統，利用兩個女性角色以及身後背景的對比，和海克力斯的臉部表情或動作，來傳達應選擇「德行」的答案。但到了十八世紀雷諾茲（Joshua Reynolds, 1723-1792）的《加里克在悲劇與喜劇之間》（Garrick between Tragedy and Comedy），畫面中的主人公卻轉身傾向世俗的快樂，和之前的作品有著明顯的差異。
本文將透過潘諾夫斯基（Erwin Panofsky, 1892-1928）圖像學研究的三個層次，對十五世紀到十八世紀的相關作品進行圖像討論，爬梳該題材的發展過程，進而理解故事「海克力斯的選擇」在視覺藝術領域的演變以及雷諾茲作品所帶來的創新與影響。第一章先討論海克力斯的傳說及其在繪畫、雕塑上的形象。第二章在整理該題材在文藝復興時期的復甦後，討論文藝復興時期和巴洛克時期的相關作品。第三章則討論十八世紀中後期的多元發展，既有藝術家持續依照傳統，繪製具有強烈道德訓誡的作品，又有雷諾茲的革新創作，為題材「海克力斯的選擇」在視覺藝術領域的使用帶來了新的可能。;The story of “The Choice of Hercules “, since the fifteenth century, has always been one of the artists’ favorite subjects. Through collecting associative plates, we can find out that there is a long-standing pictorial tradition in the same subject of these works, in terms of composition. These artists used the contrast between the two female characters’ outfit and their background, as well as Hercules’ facial expression and action, in order to convey the message- “virtue” is the answer and one must follow. However, in the eighteenth century, in Joshua Reynolds’ (1723-1792) painting, “Garrick between Tragedy and Comedy”, the male character had turned his tendency toward enjoying worldly pleasures, which showed significant differences from previous works.
This thesis will use Erwin Panofsky’s (1892-1928) three levels of image studies to discuss relevant works from 15th to 18th. Through a full exploration of these works, t I will explain the evolution of “ The Choice of Hercules “. In addition, this thesis will examine how Reynolds’ work brought innovations and influences to the use of this subject in visual art. The first chapter discusses the legend of Hercules and his image in “paintings” or “sculptures”. After exploring how this story recovered in the Renaissance, the second chapter will begin to discuss pictorial works during the Renaissance and Baroque periods. The third chapter focuses on the multivariate development in the late eighteenth century. During that time, there were still artists that continued in accordance with the tradition, drawing works with strong moralizing, but there were also Reynolds, who created the innovative work and brought possibilities to the use “ The Choice of Hercules “ in the visual arts field. |
