影像式光譜儀的實作與紅色精靈光譜研究;The development and implement of spectroimager for sprite spectrum

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题名:	影像式光譜儀的實作與紅色精靈光譜研究;The development and implement of spectroimager for sprite spectrum
作者:	呂旻叡;Lu, Min-Ruey
贡献者:	太空科學研究所
关键词:	光譜儀;紅色精靈;閃電;雷爆;Spectroimager;Sprite;Lightning;Thunderstorm
日期:	2017-01-19
上传时间:	2017-05-05 17:11:15 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	此論文主要為紅色精靈光譜儀的開發以及報告此光譜儀在 2015 年於鹿林天文台觀測的紅色精靈光譜。此光譜觀測儀組包含一個觀測紅色精靈的影像儀和一個觀測其光譜的非狹縫式光譜儀。影像儀搭配了一低光度攝影機和 8mm 鏡頭，觀測視野為 43.6° (H)×33.4°(V)。而非狹縫式光譜儀包含衍射元件（透射光柵）和光路元件（鍥型稜鏡），並搭配了 25mm 鏡頭，觀測視野為 29.9° (H)×22.6°(V)。此光譜儀可看之波長範圍為 400nm-800nm 之間，光譜解析度為 2nm/pixel。裝設於一低光度攝影機前。經過實驗室的實驗測試和校正。於 2015 年成功安裝於中央大學鹿林天文台進行觀測計畫。在此 2015 的紅色精靈觀測活動中，於 2015 年 5 月 7 日，由地面觀測儀組的影像儀捕抓到了 38 個紅色精靈影像事件。記錄到的紅色精靈光譜中，選擇了一個訊噪比高的光譜訊號進行近一步的分析研究。在光譜資料的校正工作中，有包含如紅色精靈發生地點的校正（方位角和仰角）、光譜波長的校正和 CCD 的響應曲線校正。所觀測到的紅色精靈光譜也和理論的光譜進行比較，辨識出紅色精靈光譜有 N2 的第一正則譜系 (1PG) 和 Meinel 譜系。可以明顯的分析出第一正則譜系的振動態 v’-v”=3 (6-3, 5-2, 4-1, 3-0) 和 v’-v”=2 (5-3) 以及部分的 Meinel 譜系可能和第一正則譜系混雜在一起。從所觀測到的紅精色靈光譜證實 N2 的第一正則譜系 (1PG) 和 Meinel 譜系的存在，與過去文獻報告的紅色精靈的主要觀測到的氮氣光譜譜系吻合。;This thesis present the development of spectroscope system for sprites and their observations in our 2015 sprite campaign at the NCU Lulin observatory. The sprite spectroscope system consists of a video recorder for sprite images and a slitless spectroimager for sprite spectrum, respectively. The video recorder is equipped with low-light-level CCD and the 8 mm lens which has a FOV of 43.6°(H) × 33.4°(V). The slitless spectroimager includes a diffraction compo- nent (transmit gratting), the 25 mm lens with a FOV of 29.9°(H) × 22.6°(V) and a low-light-level CCD for detector. After the labo- ratory experiments and calibrations, the sprite spectroscope system meets with the requirements of the sprite observation of TLEs and was successfully installed in the NCU Lulin observatory for our 2015 campaign. In our 2015 sprite campaign, especially on May 7, 2016, a total of 38 sprites were recorded and one of recorded sprite spectrum was selected for further analyses. These analyses include location calibra- tions (elevation and azimuthal angles), wavelength calibration and CCD response curve, and relatively intensity calibrations with con- sidering atmospheric transmittance and CCD response. The observed sprite spectrum were also compared with theoretical spectrum calcu- lations, including N2 first positive band (1PG) and Meinel bands. The 1PG vibrational bands with v’-v”=3 (6-3, 5-2, 4-1, 3-0) and v’- v”=2 (5-3) were clearly identified while part of Meinel bands were possibly mixed within 1PG emissions. The observed sprite spectrum also show the evidence of the existence of N2 first positive band and Meinel bands in the sprite spectrums, which are consistent with pre- vious reports on sprite spectrum.
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