| 摘要: | 道路工程為國家建設基本工程，隨著經濟發展使得交通量跟著急遽成長，道路工程建設的增加以及其對環境造成的影響將無法避免，由於近年來國內環保意識抬頭、生活品質提昇，使得施工皆須考慮到噪音、震動、污染的影響，在設計規劃階段若遇到地層強度不足或軟弱土層承載力不足時，須藉由地中構造物將上部結構的載重傳遞至土壤承載層或是較堅硬地盤，以增加結構物的安全性及穩定性，因此，基樁在深基礎構造物中便扮演著舉足輕重的角色。
本研究針對上述問題依地質條件、基樁鑽掘數量、需要載運的土方量，設定限制條件建立一套最佳化整數規劃數學模式，並利用LINGO 12.0套裝軟體求解，當施工中之的條件、狀況與實務有差異時，可以隨時調整參數、限制式再重新求解，亦可針對各項參數的敏感度變化趨勢調整機具指派規劃排程，以因應實務變化機具調派之資源配置。為驗證本模式的合理性與實用性，本研究以幼獅交流道改善工程之全套管機樁鑽掘作業為範例進行測試，並以最佳化整數規劃數學模式求解之最低成本與管理者的經驗累積判斷調派方式算出之成本進行比較與探討，最佳化模式指派結果確實較人工經驗調派成本更低、更有效率，故本研究模式可靈活運用於各類基樁鑽掘配合各類傾缷卡車載運土方之調派規劃，作為管理者在施工規劃上的重要參考依據。
;Abstract
Road construction is the infrastructure of national constructions. With the development of economy and the increase of traffic volume, the impact on the environment from increasing road constructions will be unavoidable. With the rise of domestic environmental awareness and the improvement of living quality in recent years, road constructions must take the impact of noise, vibration, and pollution into account. In the design phase, in case of insufficient strata strength or weak bearing capacity of the soil layer, the load of superstructure shall be transferred to bearing stratum or to a hard disc through underground structure, so as to increase the safety and stability of the structure. Therefore, the piles play a decisive role in deep foundation.
This study, aiming at the above problems, sets constraints according to the geological conditions, the number of piles drilled and the amount of earth needed to be transported, to establish an optimized integer programming mathematical model, and uses LINGO 12.0 software for solutions. When conditions and situations are different from what in the practices, users can adjust parameters and equations at any time for a new solution, and adjust the scheduling of equipment according to the trend of each parameter sensitivity change to meet the practical scheduling in the allocation of resources. To verify the rationality and practicality of this model, this study tests the model with the sample of all-casing piling in You-Shi Interchange improvement construction and compare the lowest cost from the model to the cost from operator experience. This optimized model does result in lower cost and is more efficient than human experience. Therefore, this model can be flexibly applied to all kinds of piling together with all kinds of earthwork truck dispatch.as an important reference for managers in construction planning.
Keywords: all-casing pile, equipment assignment, optimization, integer programming |
