當地震發生，地下水位高的砂質地盤易產生土壤液化，並伴隨著相關複合式災害，例如土層中維生管線破裂、地表不均勻沉陷與上部結構傾倒等，影響週圍居民的生命財產安全，因此自日本新瀉大地震以後，各國學者積極投入在土壤液化引致的相關議題上。 2014 年開始的國際合作之土壤液化詴驗分析計畫Liquefaction Experiment and Analysis Projects, LEAP），主要目的是在世界上不同物理模型研究團隊所進行相同原型（Prototype）的離心模型詴驗，再將結果提供數值模型團隊做驗證及校正。本研究為 2017 年 LEAP 國際合作研究計畫內容進行高品質的土壤液化與側向滑移詴驗，詴體配置為 5 度緩坡飽和砂層，探討因受震導致土壤液化引致土壤側潰之行為，透過水平色砂層、地表位移計與垂直埋設麵條觀察土層變形情況，利用微型圓錐貫入詴驗比較液化前後土壤沿深度之阻抗，不同埋設深度的加速度計與孔隙水壓計記錄砂土層因液化導致土壤側潰過程之土壤反應。 試驗結果顯示：(1)輸入震動方向與坡面的坡向反相會導致加速度具突波的現象；(2)地表土壤受震發生側潰會向斜坡之下坡處移動，特別是在中間高程偏下坡處之土壤位移量會較大；(3)受震後土壤剖面側向位移隨深度愈深而愈小，在地表下深度 3.0 m 就沒有側向移動； (4)錐尖阻抗隨著貫入深度的增加而增加，沿伸度增加之阻抗值約為1100 kPa/m。;Following the observations from liquefaction-related damage during earthquakes conducted on sandy ground with high ground water level, such as critical infrastructure failures or structure failure due to differential settlement resulting in threaten local residents`s life and property safety, it has provided significant insights into the liquefaction phenomenon after Niigata earthquake. In 2014, there was a project called the Liquefaction Experiments and Analysis Projects (LEAP), which aims to calibrate and validate the centrifuge modeling and numerical modeling. This study refers to the LEAP_2017_UCD project for corresponding research and conducted a series of high quality centrifuge modeling tests to investigate lateral spreading after shaking. By different sensors to observe deformation of soil deposit, including horizontal color thin layers, surface markers and spaghetti. Using mini cone penetration test on the specimen to detect the resistance induced by shaking, but also setting accelerometers and pore water transducers were used to record the responses of soil deposit induced by liquefaction. According to the test results: (1) It has prominent amplitude of spikes appear in the phase of positive acceleration due to the direction of input base motion is opposite to the direction of slope dip. (2) The soil on the ground surface move toward the downslope after shaking, especially located at middleslope to downslope have lager displacement. (3) The level of lateral spreading decreases along the depth of strata until the depth of 3.0 m do not have any movement. (4) The cone tip resistance along the depth increase and the ratio of the cone tip resistance to the depth is 1100 kPa/m.
