| 摘要: | 在能源不足問題日趨嚴重之下，同時伴隨著能源成本也不斷升高。相較以往不斷開發新能源外，以施行能源調節管理使其降低耗能方面更趨重要，其中室內照明對於全球總能耗的影響甚鉅。本研究主要架構是以物聯網技術為基礎來整合環境感測裝置及無線網路雲端控制進行照明燈具電力調節。目的為直接減低使用耗能進而反映到能源成本，可應用於家用能源管理系統(Home Energy Management System， HEMS)實現智慧家園的基礎概念。
本論文提出一套「雲端LED照明電力調節系統」之設計，並分為環境監測端、電力分配端、雲整合端三個子系統架構來做說明，其技術包括物聯裝置感測檢出技術，電源分配器(Power Distribution Unit，PDU)控制技術、雲端人機圖示化操作介面編譯、環境光互補技術、數位調光技術等。
此系統運用Node-RED開發平台來串接各子系統，以MQTT傳輸協定來對應即時且低頻寬的傳輸需求。可將物聯裝置所收集的資料上傳雲端，經雲端整合相關服務後，再下達給電力分配單元(Power Distribution Unit ,PDU)進行電力控制，實現物聯網雙向傳輸架構。在照明光源省能方面採用白光發光二極體(White LED)，節電性方面選用具功率因數校正(Power Factor Correction，PFC)之LED恆流驅動器，並以波寬調制(Pulse Width Modulation，PWM)為數位調光方案，如此達到調節電力省能目的。
本論文以植物農場為情境進行「雲端植物照明設備電力調節系統」雛形設計及開發，提出一個雲端運算的演算法，能夠整合環境光與植物生長時程，自動調節植物燈的光照強度與光合作用時所需的光波長；其裝置包含色彩傳感器(color sensor) 、功率電表(Power Meter)及LED植物燈等，其電力調節減能效果顯著，對於綠色智慧農場推廣大有幫助。
因此，結合物聯網技術之雲端照明電力調節方法，不但能夠取代傳統人力管理，也能經雲端整合介面監看電力資訊及操控照明，更能依周圍環境光源的條件進行即時性調光及調節耗能，除了可以持續植物生長的環境之外，也能同時減少電力浪費。最後，我們相信利用本論文研究之成果將可做為發展家庭能源管理系統(HEMS)的照明基礎系統，不但減少照明設備對能源的依賴，更能直接降低家庭電力費用。
;Rising energy shortage, increasing energy cost, reducing CO2 volume, green power production are all accompanied issues addressed by the global society. In addition to continuous development of new energy sources, it is most important to design, develop and deploy energy management and control techniques to reduce energy consumption in our living environments. Among others, indoor lighting has one of the greatest impacts on the energy consumption. The main theme of this study is to integrate the lighting control system with environmental sensing devices based on the Internet of Things, wireless network and cloud control services to directly reduce the energy consumption of the lighting, as well as reflectively save the energy cost.
This paper proposes a set of “Cloud LED lighting power conditioning system” design, and is divided into three subsystems, including environmental monitoring, power distribution, and cloud integration subsystems. Technical aspects include IoT device sensing, power distribution, cloud-based human-machine interface compilation, ambient light complementary, digital dimming, etc. Technically, this system uses the Node-RED development platform to connect various subsystems. Also, this system uses the MQTT transmission protocol as an instant and low-bandwidth transmission way. All data collected by the IoT device can be sent to cloud services on the Internet. After combing cloud-related data processing and analyzing services, the system can instruct the PDU to control energy usage of devices for power control. Thus, the system can support a bi-directional service architecture based on the Internet of Things and cloud services. On the other hand, energy saving in this study uses white light emitting diodes as the light source. Power-saving properties are selected on LED constant current drivers that are capable of power factor correction, and the wave width modulation is used as a digital dimming scheme, so that the system can achieve power saving with such kinds of hardware and software equipment.
This study further considers the application scenario and usage in the context of smart planting farms. According to the above system architecture, this study implements a prototype design of the “Cloud plant lighting power and conditioning system.” The integration of ambient light and plant growth schedules is used to adjust the brightness of the plant lamps and the wavelength of light required for photosynthesis. Its devices include color sensors, power meters and LED plant lights. As a result of practical experiments, this study presents a significant effect on energy reduction, which is helpful for the promotion of green smart farms.
Therefore, the IoT-based cloud lighting power management and control system can be beneficial to traditional human resource saving and management. Finally, this system can support novel services through the cloud-integrated interface to monitor the power information and control the lighting. In addition, this system can adjust the power consumption of lighting equipment according to ambient light sources to reduce the power waste automatically. Therefore, we believe that the research contribution of this thesis can be a reference to basic lighting services for home energy management systems (HEMS). As demonstrated, the prototypical system can not only reduce the dependence of lighting equipment and energy supply, but also directly reduce household electricity cost. |
