| 摘要: | 1945年8月15日，日本宣佈無條件投降，國共雙方為了搶先接收日軍佔領地，其軍事衝突因各方因素，從美國開始介入調停、暫緩衝突到再起擴大，最後導致國共內戰於1946年7月全面爆發。國府乃決定先肅清關內，後轉用兵力於關外，收復整個東北。1947年1月至2月底，華東國軍在魯南戰役與萊蕪戰役均敗華東共軍，因此1947年3月，國軍在關內的作戰方針則由全面進攻改為重點進攻。1947年5月16日山東戰場孟良崮戰役，國軍精銳部隊整編第74師擔任主攻部隊，由師長張靈甫指揮，卻遭共軍以五倍兵力圍攻，以致全軍覆沒，此結果重創華東國軍，使華東共軍在孟良崮戰役結束，開始取得軍事優勢，奠定其日後攻陷華東地區的戰局基礎。;On August 15, 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender. Both the Kuomintang (KMT) and the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) were In order to be the first to receive the Japanese occupation then cause military conflict, meanwhile, the US begins to reconcile the dispute but the peace is temporary, finally, in July 1946, led to the civil war broke out.The KMT decided to eliminate the CCP in the south of the Great Wall, then transfer their troops to the north to recover the entire northeast China.
From January to the end of February 1947, the CCP in the Battle of Lunan and the Battle of Laiwu in eastern China defeated the KMT. Therefore, in March 1947, the KMT change guideline from a comprehensive attack to a key attack. On May 16th, 1947, the battle of Meng Liangzhu in Shandong Province, the 74th Division commander Zhang Lingfu, the KMT elite troop, was the main attacking force, but the army was besieged then annihilated by five times of the CCP troop. This result was a heavy blow to KMT. Aftermath, the CCP began to take military superiority and lay the foundation for its future attack in eastern China. |
