| 摘要: | 近年來，感測物聯網廣受各界矚目。感測物聯網的願景為透過無線傳輸技術連結散布各處的感測器及致動器，使用者可「混搭」現實世界中的裝置，進而達成更有效率、節能、自動化的應用，如智慧城市、工業4.0、精準農業、智能家居、遠程醫療等。世界各國皆以感測物聯網作為其重點發展的項目，進而實現「智慧國土」的願景。然而許多專有的感測物聯網系統僅能支援少數應用需求，不同的感測物聯網系統被鎖在各個封閉的生態系統內，無法以統一的通訊協定互相傳輸資訊。對於系統架設者而言，需要架設多個基礎建設以支援不同系統，這些重複的基礎建設進而造成大量的成本浪費。而對使用者而言，需要開發多種連結器以取得不同感測物聯網系統的資源。隨著越來越多營利為主的封閉生態系統出現，感測物聯網系統的互相連接成為嚴重的問題。為了真正實現感測物聯網及智慧國土的願景，本研究提出一個開放且具永續發展性的感測物聯網基礎建設。整體而言，本研究所探討的感測物聯網涵蓋完整的四層架構，而研發的重點在於感測物聯網資源的開放式流通、管理、及應用。本研究有五項主要研發項目，包含(WP1)研究感測物聯網隨插即用技術、(WP2)發展感測物聯網裝置定位技術、(WP3)開放式感測物聯網標準建置與整合、(WP4)巨量感測物聯網資源管理方法開發、及(WP5)實作感測物聯網基礎建設與範例應用。本研究的主要預期貢獻包含：(1)感測物聯網裝置可在不同在地通訊網路，自動連接閘道器及網路服務，傳輸其詮釋資料與資源、(2)針對無內建全球定位系統感測器的裝置，透過本研究設置的基礎建設基地站與在地通訊網路，進行裝置的自動化定位，降低裝置佈設的複雜度及人力成本、(3)透過國際開放式標準的方式連接異質性的感測物聯網資源，包含感測資料及地理位置描述格式，大幅降低資源整合的困難、(4)提出巨量資料管理方法管理大量的感測物聯網資源，並支援資源的高效即時處理、(5)設置開放式感測物聯網基礎建設，以多種應用實作證明此基礎建設的可行性。除此之外，本研究團隊參與國際開放式地理空間協會(OGC)標準制定多年，除了身為開放式感測物聯網標準的編輯者外，本研究之成果也預期將提交至OGC尋求將其推廣為國際標準的機會。整體而言，本研究所研發的技術方法及開放式基礎建設除可供產官學研各界應用，將各式感測物聯網資源自動化傳輸及整合支援智慧應用，亦將可助台灣奠定感測物聯網技術及應用發展在國際上的領先地位。 ;The Sensor Web and Internet of Things (SW-IoT) has been attracting many attentions from various fields in recent years. The vision of SW-IoT is to connect widely distributed sensors and actuators via wireless communication techniques. Users can then mash-up devices to achieve efficient and automatic applications, such as Smart City, Industry 4.0, Precise Agriculture, Home Automation, e-Health. While many countries target the SW-IoT a future focus, proprietary solutions have caused many issues. Proprietary SW-IoT systems are locked in many closed ecosystems and cannot interchange information with each other. Multiple SW-IoT infrastructures cause unnecessary cost and make large-scale deployment a time-intensive and labor-intensive process. Users need to develop multiple connecters to access resources in different closed ecosystems. With a growing number of ecosystems, the inter-connection between SW-IoT systems becomes a critical issue.To address this issue, this research aims at designing and implementing an open and interoperable SW-IoT infrastructure. This research focuses on the SW-IoT resource sharing, management, and application. The scope of this research covers the end-to-end SW-IoT architecture, where the key idea of this research is inspired by the success of the Internet and cellular network. Both the Internet and cellular network require only one infrastructure for devices to establish connections. We envision that the SW-IoT also needs a single open infrastructure.Overall, this research has five main working packages, including (WP1) research of the SW-IoT plug-and-play technology, (WP2) study of the device location positioning methodology, (WP3) development and integration of open SW-IoT standards, (WP4) investigation of the big SW-IoT data management architecture, and (WP5) construction of the SW-IoT infrastructure and sample applications. The expected contributions of this research are that: (1) SW-IoT devices can automatically transmit resources to gateways and web services via different local wireless communication networks. (2) The constructed infrastructure and wireless networks can automatically position devices to lower down the complexity and cost of device deployment. (3) SW-IoT standards are integrated to model and release resources in an interoperable manner. (4) As SW-IoT resources are large in volume and velocity, the proposed big data management architecture will be able to manage large number of SW-IoT resources and support real-time processing for time-critical applications. (5) To the best of our understanding, this research will construct the world’s first large-scale open SW-IoT infrastructure with multiple sample applications proving its feasibility.In addition, our research group has been participating in the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) for many years. While we have edited a SW-IoT web service standard, we are planning to submit the proposed solutions to the OGC community and seek opportunities to promote them as international open standards. Overall, the proposed SW-IoT open infrastructure can be utilized by industrial, government, and research organizations in Taiwan to automatically transmit and integrate SW-IoT resources to support various applications. Through this research, we can help Taiwan establish the worldwide leading position in open SW-IoT technology and applications. |
