| 摘要: | 在過去幾十年中，對黑洞物理學的研究已經完成了一系列顯著的進展。特別是，通過全像原理的應用，我們能夠考慮近極端 (near extremal) 黑洞的共形場論（CFT）描述，包括旋轉的Kerr黑洞和帶電的Reissner-Nordstrom (RN)黑洞或甚至更一般的Kerr-Newman黑洞。在過去的幾年中，我們深入研究帶電黑洞的物理，特別著重於黑洞視界附近的粒子對生成機制，並已取得可觀的進展。我們推廣了我們的研究內容，考慮了在RN黑洞中包括標量和旋量場的粒子對生成。我們的研究結果提供了對霍金輻射(Hawking radiation)和施溫格效應(Schwinger effect)的熱力學特性能有更深刻的理解。在發表了Kerr-Newman黑洞的粒子對生成的結果後，我們進一步完成了磁單極對粒子生成影響的分析和計算，目前計畫推廣我們的研究到非進極端的黑洞，在這個情況下，很難找到系統場方程的精確解，然而我們發現數學上 monodromy 的概念和性質，極有可能幫助我們處理在數學上面臨的困難。我們也試圖將我們的工作延伸到更高的自旋的重力理論。但是，由於數學技術的顯著困難，這可能需要更長時間。 另一個有關黑洞物理的研究方向，為現象學的應用開闢了一條不同的路徑，透過全像對偶，我們可以經由重力理論來分析研究其對偶的系統，例如凝聚態物理和超導體。在過去幾年裡，我們已經開發了數值計算程式能夠分析不均勻系統，包括不同維度的Josephson junction。基於這些已有的技術，我們將研究外加磁場導致渦流 (vortex) 的形成和其動力學行為等等有趣的課題。我們發表了超導中非線性響應的研究結果，也完成了在Josephson junction中對超導電流和溫度與連接寬度的關係，目前正在分析具有多連結的Josephson junction 的研究。 此外，我們對重力的準局域能量(守恆量)的研究已經取得了顯著的成果。我們進一步釐清了幾乎所有的膺張量在第一階結果的一致性。目前著力於重力波所攜帶能量的分系和計算。 ;Black hole physics has accomplished a significant development in the past decades. In particular, by applying the holographic principle, one can study the dual conformal field theory (CFT) description for the near extremal black holes, including rotating Kerr black holes and charged Reissner-Nordstrom (RN) black holes or even more general Kerr-Newman black holes. In the past years, we have intensively studied the case of charged black holes, focusing on the mechanism of pair production near the horizon, and already made desirable progress. We generalized our investigation to consider the pair production, of both scalar and spinor fields, in the RN black holes. Our results provide a more deep understanding about the thermal properties for the Hawking radiation and Schwinger effect. After publishing our results on Kerr-Newman black holes, we had finished the analysis on the effects from magnetic monopole to the pair production. Currently we are focusing to consider the Schwinger effects in non-extremal charged black holes. In such cases, it is almost impossible to obtain the exact solution to the field equations. However, we were aware the mathematical concept of monodromy and its properties may be able to help us to solve our problem. However, it takes more long time due to the notable difficulty of mathematical technique. The other development spotlights the phenomenological applications to, for example condensed matter physics, and superconductor, via the corresponding gravitation setup. We have already developed our own numerical code to analysis the inhomogeneous systems. After publishing two papers on analyzing the nonlinear effects in holographic superconductor, we have finished the analysis on the temperature and junction length dependence of superconducting current in the Josephson junction. Based on the technique, we are going to study several interesting topics, in particular multi-link Josephson junction, vortices formation by magnetic field etc. Moreover, our research on the quasi-local energy (conserved quantities) for gravitation has achieved remarkable progress. We have checked the fact that most well-known pseudotensors for gravitational energy are actually giving the same result in the leading order. Now we are focusing to compute the gravitational energy carried by the gravitational waves. This could be a very important test for all gravitational energy proposals, including ours. |
