| 摘要: | 2010年制定《客家基本法》，創設「客家文化重點發展區」新制度，確立「客庄」法定地位，政府投入預算大量，「由上而下」的打造客家集體記憶，並發掘、塑造新的客家意象。此客家文化重點發展區新制，亦進入1945年即已設置的原住民行政區，形成「客家與原住民複合行政區」。本計畫規劃三年期，以「政府制度設計與客家政策對客原複合行政區族群關係之塑造效果」為問題意識，運用族群關係相關理論，及文獻分析法、深度訪談法、參與觀察法等研究法探討「客家山原複合行政區」（苗栗縣泰安鄉、臺中市和平區）及「客家平原複合行政區」（新竹縣關西鎮、苗栗縣南庄鄉、獅潭鄉）之政策介入影響下的族群關係。再者，本計畫運用公共政策相關理論，嚴謹地建構客原複合行政區的政策問題，避免發生「正確的方法解決了一個錯誤的問題」之「第三類型錯誤」，並借用政策備選方案的篩選原則，以焦點座談研究法，收斂數個備選方案為一個具體、可行的政策建議。此外，以往關於客家族群的研究，多數從人類學及社會學的視野進行，本計畫導入政治學及公共政策的視野，思考國家制度及公共政策所「型塑」的族群關係，期待能對族群關係理論提出進一步的演繹，俾以提供當代客家研究一個新的思維。 ;In 2010, the Taiwan government enacted the “Hakka Basic Act” and introduced “major Hakka cultural areas,” thereby placing a statutory footing on the settlements of Hakka people, generally referred to as “Hakka villages.” Under the new act, the Taiwan government pledges to make generous investments in a “top-down” approach to define the collective memory of Hakka people, as well as to discover and create new “Hakka images.” Some of the new “major Hakka cultural areas” overlapped in territory with certain indigenous districts that had existed in Taiwan since 1945, and therefore were combined with the latter to become known as “Hakka-indigenous complex administrative districts.” This three-year project aims to examine the influence of the Taiwan government’s bureaucracy and Hakka policies on the development of relations between Hakka residents and indigenous residents of Taiwan’s Hakka-indigenous complex administrative districts. The project employs theories on ethnic relations as well as research methods such as literature review, in-depth interviews, and participant observation, to explore the influence of public policy interventions on ethnic relations in Hakka-mountain indigenous complex districts (located in Miaoli County’s Taian Township and Taichung City’s Heping District) and in Hakka-plain indigenous complex districts (located in Hsinchu County’s Guanxi Township, Miaoli County’s Nanchuang Township and Shihtan Township). In addition, policy issues surrounding Hakka-indigenous complex districts are rigorously constructed in this project based on public policy-related theories to rule out any possibility of “type III errors,” i.e., “the right answer for the wrong question.” Drawing on focus group discussions and the principles for screening policy options, this project proposes one solid, feasible policy recommendation out of several options. Most existing studies on Hakka people adopted the anthropological or sociological approach. This project, however, aims to look at how ethnic relations are “shaped” by the state and public policies from the perspectives of political science and public policies, in the hope of pushing for further development of ethnic relation theories to be used in modern Hakka studies. |
