地質證據會被保留在地層內。欲研究全新世的地質變動及古地震，就必須研究全新世地層。台南層是全新世海相地層，其全新世地層已知厚度達130公尺，這可能是全世界陸地上最厚的全新世海相地層之一。台灣西南部全新世地層很厚，同時地殼變形速率快，地震發生頻度高，使這一些構造變形及古地震現象都得以被此高解析能力的地層記錄下來。本計畫回顧此區的地層暨構造變形，擬發表此區在世界上很獨特的全新世快速地沉積及變形現象，成果並可提供此區古地震研究及地震災害研究之參據。台南層頂面所形成的地形面被稱為台南面。目前台南層頂面已不再是沉積時的水平面，而是已受擠壓抬升及褶皺的曲面，有向斜與背斜出現；在高地多已抬升到標高30公尺以上。台南面的幾何分布可展示過去三千年來的抬升變動及構造擾動。本計畫將釐清台南面的定義、分布範圍、台南層頂部地層特性等，並進行台南面的地形分析暨構造解析，及發表論文。 ;Geological evidences are preserved in strata. If we like to study Holocene geological disturbances and paleo-earthquakes, we must study Holocene strata at first. The Tainan Formation is a marine sedimentary sequence with Holocene sediments as thick as 130 meters. This probably is one of the thickest Holocene marine strata on the land and in the world. Holocene sediments in southwestern Taiwan are thick, and crustal deformation rate as well as seismicity is high. The tectonic deformations and paleo-earthquakes are easily recorded in these high-resolution strata. This project is going to review the Tainan Formation and related tectonic deformations. A unique example of Holocene rapid sedimentation and tectonic deformation will be prepared in this project for later publication. The results are also good for further paleo-earthquake study and seismic hazard assessment in this region.The land surface formed from the top surface of the Tainan Formation is called Tainan geomorphic surface or the Tainan Surface. The top surface of the Tainan Formation is not keeping original horizontality now. Instead of this, it is deformed and uplifted with anticlines and synclines. At some highlands, it has been uplifted to elevation more than 30 meters. The geometry of the present Tainan Surface may display the uplifting and deformation since the formation of the geomorphic surface at about 3 Ka. This project will make clear the definition, the distribution, and the sub-strata of Tainan Surface, and perform geometric analysis and tectonic analysis of the geomorphic surface, so that an academic article can be prepared.
