| 摘要: | 「客家」族群的出現，有其特定的時間和空間背景，以及面對的特殊問題。過去談到客家族群的社會與文化特質，有相當多的研究多是以大陸原鄉、台灣區域為研究範圍，較少以台灣內部不同區域的比較為研究基礎，探究「客家族群」特質的多元性、差異性與同質性，找出客家族群差異性的符碼。不同客家區域的比較研究，其重要性在於深度掌握特定環境下的「在地知識」與社會事實，透過對於社會行動之意義詮釋，與通則性知識產生循環回饋的過程，對「現存知識」保持敏感的對話，發展出多元、具啟發性的社會發展邏輯。因此，本計畫希望以台三線的客家聚落為研究對象，回答上述的相關議題。 藉由分析台三線的「客家族群產業」發展與在地知識的累積，本計畫希望在三個層次：台三線區域經濟的發展與政治經濟架構（上述產業的中心的轉移）、台三線的城鄉差異、客家的聚落特性，分析在地複雜性（local complexity），以勾勒出台三線「地方客家」的組織特性與文化內涵（地方性的再重構）、經濟生活的在地實踐與知識積累（適應在地環境的生產過程）。讓「空間內部的行動者」（不同族群）在區域中對話，並觀察與分析所產生的「客家」文化特質以及地方社會空間與族的在結構化過程 ;Development of "Hakka Ethnic Economies" and Local Knowledge The rise of "Hakka" was from a specific time and space background where unique issues were faced. Many past studies investigating the social and cultural characteristics of Hakka people used hometown in Mainland China and Taiwan as the research scope, and only a few of them used the comparison on different regions in Taiwan as the research foundation to investigate the diversity, difference, and homogeneity of characteristics of "Hakka". The importance of comparative studies on different Hakka regions is to have an in-depth understanding of "local knowledge" and social facts under specific environment. Besides, the meaning interpretations of social actions, the process of cycles of feedback generated by general knowledge, and the maintenance of sensitive conversations for "lived knowledge" develop diversified and inspirational social development logics. Therefore, this study intends to enroll the Hakka settlements along The 3rd Taiwan Provincial Road as the research subjects to answer relevant questions mentioned above. By analyzing the development of "Hakka ethnic economies" and the accumulation of local knowledge along the 3rd Taiwan Provincial Road, this study intends to analyze local complexity - including the process of immigration, population flow, and characteristics of current residential communities, in order to outline the organizational characteristics and cultural connotations (re-recognition of locality), local practice of economic life, and knowledge accumulation (change in production relationship and production process of adaptation to local environment) of "local Hakka" along the 3rd Taiwan Provincial Road based on 3 dimensions: economic development (tea, wood industry, mining industry, agriculture, etc.) and framework of political economics (shift of centers of the said industries), urban-rural gaps of the 3rd Taiwan Provincial Road (economic division of labor and status under this framework), and characteristics of Hakka settlements. This study intends to enable "actors in the space" (different populations) to converse with one another in the regions, as well as to observe and analyze the "Hakka" cultural characteristics generated and the re-structured process of regional and social spaces. |
