營建材料實驗室量測系統評估及誤差分析; Measurement Systems Assessment and Error Analysis in Construction Engineering Materials Testing Laboratory

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题名:	營建材料實驗室量測系統評估及誤差分析;Measurement Systems Assessment and Error Analysis in Construction Engineering Materials Testing Laboratory
作者:	蕭良豪;Liang-Hao Hsiao
贡献者:	土木工程研究所
关键词:	重複性&再現性;量測系統;誤差分析;Error Analysis;Repeatability&Reproducibility
日期:	2007-07-07
上传时间:	2009-09-18 17:12:32 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學圖書館
摘要:	工程生命週期之設計規劃、施工、檢驗、維護；其中檢驗佔有一相當重要之地位。檢測之精確性關係到消費者對整個工程優劣的信心。量測系統評估分析主要目的，是在所處環境下求得該量測系統之變異，進而分析此變異類別與變異程度，並確保量測系統提供可接受的量測數據。參造現今國內外之相關標準及規範，設計出一套符合國內營建材料實驗室量測系統評估模式，採定期或不定期方式進行量測系統評估。本研究針對混凝土抗壓試驗量測系統，採用荷重元作為量測樣本，應用最普通統計分析手法：線性迴歸分析、變異數分析及假設檢定等方法，進行評估作業。評估其量測系統並建構一套評估模式。根據研究結果，證明混凝土抗壓試驗量測系統皆符合要求水準，增加試驗者及委託試驗者信心。同時也可依循評估結果指出量測系統改善的方向，降低量測系統誤差，提升量測系統準確度及可信度。目前國內自行研發之量測儀具系統已愈來愈多，當產品經過此量測儀具量測後，其產出品質難免易受客戶對於量測品質驗證上疑慮，此時若經另一類似量測儀具量測而有不同數據結果產生，也將因無公正的第三者（單位）來評估而無法解決此一難題。本研究針對中央大學自行研發智慧型鋪面檢測車IRI量測系統進行評估，主要目的為評估檢測系統之線性、穩定性、重複性、再現性及偏差等驗證程序，確認量測系統可信度。能避免因量測系統異常而造成對量測品質的影響，並且能提供實驗室負責人量測品質的正確資訊。本研究經實例驗證，可評估量測系統的變異，分析變異發生原因，改善量測系統的變異，提高量測精確度。當有新購儀器評選量測系統或委託者對量測品質有進一步要求時，可依據本論文量測系統評估程序，迅速取得新量測系統資料，改善原有量測系統變異，比較新舊量測系統之量測品質，提昇實驗室量測能力，對量測樣品（產品）提供最正確的量測結果，提昇實驗室品質與信譽。 Engineering life cycle includes design plan, construction, examination, and maintenance. Examination is crucial because the accuracy of examination is related to the customer confidence in engineering projects. In this research, the estimating model of measurement ability is set up to meet the requirements of construction material labs in Taiwan based on the existing domestic and international standards. The measurement system ability of concrete compression test can be calculated and the ability of lab can be evaluated by using this estimating model. From the evaluation result, the construction material labs will know how to maintain their creditability and avoid decreasing measurement ability due to the uncertainty of operation and environment. The statistic tools such as linear regression analysis, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), and hypothesis test are analyzed in this estimating model by using the Minitab statistic software. Most of the researches are focused on the repeatability and reproducibility of measurement system, but few studies are concerning the measurement ability of the constructive testing system. We try to evaluate the measurement system ability of concrete compression test. Since the traditional sample is not uniform, we use the loadcell method instead of traditional sampling and the results are satisfactory. There are a lot of domestic made measurement instruments to the market recently. The result is just gotten by operating this kind of measurement instrument, and the customer may doubt the accuracy of the measurement instruments. If the different result is gotten by operating another measurement instrument on the same samples, the customers will not only be confused but lose confidence on this instrument. This research also tried to evaluate the measurement accuracy, precision, repeatability, reproducibility and reliability of the intelligent vehicle for pavement which is designed and made by National Central University. The result of this research provides an example to illustrate that the variation of measurement system is able to be evaluated. By the analysis of variation, the causes can be found and the improvement actions of reducing variation can be carried out to increasing the measurement accuracy. This method and the process of evaluating measurement system can be applied to the new measurement instrument purchased. This is an efficiency way to increase the measurement ability of the laboratory. Also it helps to provide more accuracy result to increase the creditability of the laboratory.
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