營建剩餘土石方作業最佳決策之研究;Construction of surplus earthwork operations research on the best decision making

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题名:	營建剩餘土石方作業最佳決策之研究;Construction of surplus earthwork operations research on the best decision making
作者:	鄭紋山;Cheng, Wen-Shan
贡献者:	土木工程學系在職專班
关键词:	挖土機打除;卡車載運;最佳化;整數規劃;removal by excavator;carrying and shipping by truck;optimization;integer programming
日期:	2019-01-15
上传时间:	2019-04-02 14:07:16 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	在都市更新之打除工程的決策上，一般由現場管理人員依據工程契約內容視現場狀況安排施工作業，鮮少以科學方式進行系統性分析，檢視打除作業或調派作業之成效，因此，如何有效地提升施工機具的作業效率及降低成本，便成為都市更新打除施作上的重要問題。本研究以施工廠商施作都市更新拆遷打除剩餘土石方作業工程為例，並以套裝軟體LNGO12作為本研究之研究工具，測試以數學規劃模式進行調派作業及人工調派作業之差異比較，其中並納入多工區作業、多區廢棄物回收場容量、多工區挖土機數量限制、各工區廢棄土石方載運量、施工機具之運移作業、廢棄鋼筋回售成本等條件，作為本研究之設定參數。本研究發現，以數學規劃模式進行施工機具之調派作業時，能提高施工機具之作業率，進而達到降低成本之目的，顯示最佳化模式在作業率及成本控制上均優於施工現場所倚賴之傳統人工調派模式。同時，最佳化模式之整數規劃架構，亦能於施工環境及條件發生改變時，進行參數設定之修改，同步修正其他參數，使決策者能做出更具效率之調派模式。本研究結果顯示，以最佳化模式進行指派作業確實較人工調派決策具備更低成本、更高效率之結果，本研究模式適用於多類型挖土機打除作業與傾卸式卡車載運之派遣作業，研究結果可供決策者作為往後打除作業之施作考量。;On the decision of demolition work, it is normally managed by the construction site personnel and followed with the contract specification and the actual situation of construction site. It is unable to analyze and evaluate the efficiency of demolition work and transportation arrangement by systematic procedure on traditional, thus, to raises the rate of operability of construction equipment and lower the cost of the usage has become the crucial problem to the demolition work of urban renewal . This is a case study of demolition work by the manufacturer in urban renewal project remaining earthwork, the study takes the software Lingo12 as its research instrument , with the consideration of demolition of multi-construction site, capacity of multi-area reclamation plant, quantity limit of excavator in multi-construction sites, and the residue soil carried by the cleaning machinery from the multi-construction sites, transportation arrangement of construction equipment, sales feedback from the discarded metal as its setup parameters in this research. The study shows that when the transportation arrangement is conducted by the mathematical programming model, the higher the rate of machinery operation, and therefore lower the cost of it, besides, the study also shows that the optimization mode has a better performance in cost control and operating rate than manual assignment in traditional construction sites. Furthermore, the integer planning frame work of optimization model is able to adjust when the parameters changed on account of the variety from the construction sites and correct the other parameters simultaneously when it is changed, therefore offering the more effective option to the decision maker. The study shows the optimization model has a better result in cost saving and achieved the more effective arrangement than manual operation. The study is appropriate to the multi-type excavator demolition work and dump truck carried arrangement, the result is able to be a reference to the decision maker in construction site.
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