消防勤務指揮中心人員排班最佳化之研究

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题名:	消防勤務指揮中心人員排班最佳化之研究
作者:	陳柏志;Chen, Po-Chih
贡献者:	土木工程學系在職專班
关键词:	指揮中心;人力指派;最佳化;整數規劃;LINGO
日期:	2019-07-23
上传时间:	2019-09-03 12:10:28 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	消防工作之三大任務於消防法規明定為預防火災、搶救災害及緊急救護。當民眾遭受緊急事故或災害時，當下如何能最迅速的派遣最高及最適合的搶救能量至現場，使災害減少至最低層面，便是119消防勤務指揮中心最重要的任務。因此消防勤務指揮中心是所有事故中的神經中樞。面對著各種瞬息萬變的災害，科技設備正隨著社會的進步而不斷的演進，但相較之下，消防人力卻是有限的。再先進的系統仍需藉由人力的操作得以正常運作，因此，在勤務的編排下應考慮到專業性及公平性，以負荷日增月益的勤務量。傳統以人工經驗方式排班不僅耗力又費時，且常因勤務分配不均而影響排班之公平性，本研究以119消防勤務指揮中心受理派遣作業時線上所需要的人力限制設定，規劃出一套人力指派最佳化之數學模式，利用LINGO 12.0版軟體程式規劃，求解出最佳化之勤務排班以達到人員公平指派目的。並與過去利用人工經驗法則排班相互比較，得證本研究的結果不但能迅速求解，且可減少人工排班時所需時間，以提高效率且具公平性。對本研究提供的優益效能，更可幫助決策者實際運用於各消防單位實務上人員編制之問題。 ;The three major tasks of firefighting work were clearly defined by the regulation as fire prevention, disaster rescue and emergency rescue. During an emergency incident or disaster. For the 119 fire service command center, the most important task is to dispatch more assistance and the most appropriate rescue effort to site, in order to contain or minimize the damage caused by the disaster. Therefore, a fire service command center is the central system for handling all incidents. In face of every possible ever-changing disasters, with advancing technologies, it contrasts greatly with manpower, which is extremely limited. However, regardless of technological advancement, some state-of-art systems still require manual operation. Thus, professionalism and fairness must be considered in task arrangement, to combat against the ever-increasing monthly workload. The conventional way of scheduling by experience is not only labor-intensive and time-consuming, but also sometimes questions the fairness of such arrangement, as uneven assignment can be observed. In this study, the optimal mathematical model of manpower assignment in line with the limited manpower for dispatch by the 119 fire service command center was devised and resolved by LINGO ver. 12.0 software, that it optimized scheduling and achieved the purpose of fairness in personnel assignment. In comparison with the conventional approach by experience, it proved that the devised model, not only quickly resolved personnel assignment by reducing the time required, but also devoted more efficiency and fairness in the system. The advantage and benefit of the proposed approach in this study could help decision maker in real-time application to the staffing of each fire department in practice.
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