近年來鈣鈦礦太陽能電池發展迅速，但朝商業化仍有許多難題需克服，就鈣鈦礦材料而言，易受光照及濕氣影響，造成鈣鈦礦降解，其中鈣鈦礦膜內缺陷扮演重要的角色，因此如何製備低缺陷鈣鈦礦薄膜是本篇的重點，本篇一共分成兩部分討論。 第一部分為以旋轉塗佈製程製備低缺陷鈣鈦礦膜，探討延遲退火程序下對鈣鈦礦MAPbI3薄膜的形貌控制以及太陽能電池光電轉換效率表現。最佳延遲退火條件為在室溫下60分鐘。進一步針對碘化鉀及碘的摻雜影響，研究發現鉀離子能增加鈣鈦礦結晶性、吸收紅移、降低能隙以及填補鈣鈦礦間隙型缺陷，降低缺陷密度，最後將碘與溶液中碘離子反應產生三碘陰離子(I3-)，改善鈣鈦礦深層缺陷，增加膜電導度以及載子遷移率。在最佳化探討後，鈣鈦礦太陽能電池最高效率達19.36 %。 第二部分為以控溫式刮刀塗佈製備混合界面活性劑之鈣鈦礦膜，將不同濃度的非離子型界面活性劑(Tween20與Tween60)加進鈣鈦礦前驅溶液中進行刮刀塗佈製程，探討鈣鈦礦結晶差異以及製備成鈣鈦礦太陽能電池的光伏性能表現。 ;In recent years, perovskite solar cells have developed rapidly, but there are still many problems to overcome in the commercialization. In terms of perovskite materials, they are susceptible to light and moisture, causing the degradation of perovskites, in which defects play an important role in perovskite films. How to prepare low-defect perovskite films is the focus of this article. This article will divided into two parts. The first part is the preparation of low-defect perovskite films by spin coating process, discussing the morphology of perovskite MAPbI3 films and power conversion efficiency of solar cells under delayed annealing process. Optimize the best delay annealing condition for sixty minutes in room temperature. Then we focus on the effects after doping potassium iodide and iodine. Potassium ions can increase the crystallinity of perovskites, let absorption red shifts, reduce energy band gaps, occupy perovskite interstitial defects, and reduce defect density. The last part, iodine reacts with iodide ions in the solution to produce triiodide ions(I3-), which improves deep-level defects in perovskite films, increases electrical conductivity and carrier mobility. The champion efficiency reach 19.36 %. The second part is the preparation of the mixed surfactant perovskite by doctor blade coating. Different concentrations of non-ionic surfactant Tween20 and Tween60 are added into the perovskite precursor solution for blade coating process. Discuss the difference in crystallization, compare the effects of two surfactants on blade coating on perovskite films and effort on performance of perovskite solar cells.
