藉由兩階段溫控厭氧共消化廢棄太空包木屑與尿素產生沼氣之探討

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題名:	藉由兩階段溫控厭氧共消化廢棄太空包木屑與尿素產生沼氣之探討
作者:	余秉鋐;Yu, Ping-Hung
貢獻者:	化學工程與材料工程學系
關鍵詞:	甲烷;厭氧發酵;溫度;菇包木屑(SMS);尿素;緩衝溶液;Spent Mushroom Substrate
日期:	2019-08-13
上傳時間:	2019-09-03 12:32:57 (UTC+8)
出版者:	國立中央大學
摘要:	為了解決將要面對的能源問題及環境議題，發展生質甲烷的技術相當重要。生質甲烷可以透過厭氧消化技術，將農業廢棄物轉換為沼氣。台灣菇類產業產值龐大，生產後的廢棄太空包木屑處理成為問題，其中廢棄太空包木屑富含木質纖維素，因此將其轉換為沼氣。利用廢棄太空包木屑作厭氧消化產生沼氣，將會面臨到碳氮比太高的問題，而導致厭氧消化中營養不足。因此，透過共消化的過程，利用尿素平衡碳氮比，並在實驗中尋找最適合的碳氮比。不過，添加尿素容易使氨氮濃度增加，造成pH上升過高，所以本實驗會探討添加緩衝溶液對pH控制的影響。不同的溫度操作會對厭氧消化產生不同的影響，嗜溫的操作可以增加厭氧菌活性，但是產甲烷效率差。而嗜熱操作可以提升甲烷產氣速率，但是厭氧菌穩定性差，因此本實驗將結合兩個溫度區間對於厭氧發酵的優點，建立兩階段溫度控制的厭氧消化系統。本實驗探討廢棄菇包木屑與尿素作共消化，結果顯示最佳的碳氮比為20。透過緩衝溶液在產酸階段後的添加，穩定的pH控制使得甲烷產氣量到442.8 mL，產量上升31%。透過8小時的嗜溫環境活化菌體，使甲烷產量上升，甲烷產量達到502.5 mL，提升了83%。 ;Anaerobic digestion technology can convert agricultural waste into biogas. Taiwan′s mushroom industry has a large output value, and the disposal of spent mushroom substrates (SMS) becomes a problem. SMS are rich in lignocellulose, so it is suitable for converting it into biogas. The use of SMS for anaerobic digestion to produce biogas will face the problem of too high C/N ratio, leading to insufficient nutrition in anaerobic digestion. Therefore, through the process of co-digestion, urea is used to balance the C/N ratio. However, the addition of urea tends to increase the ammonia concentration, causing the pH to rise too high, so this experiment will try to add a buffer solution to control the pH. Mesophilic operation can increase anaerobic activity but reduce the rate of methanogenesis. Thermophilic operation can increase the rate of methanogenesis, but anaerobic bacteria are not stable. Therefore, this experiment will combine the advantages of two temperature intervals for anaerobic digestion to establish a two-stage temperature controlled anaerobic digestion system. This experiment explored the co-digestion of SMS and urea, and the results showed that the optimal C/N ratio was 20. Through the addition of the buffer solution after the acid production phase, stable pH control resulted in a methane yield of 442.8 mL, an increase of 31%. By activating the cells in an 8-hour mesophilic environment, methane production increased, and methane production reached 502.5 mL, an increase of 83%.
顯示於類別:	[化學工程與材料工程研究所] 博碩士論文

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