| 摘要: | 在通過微乳化方法產生的三維侷限空間下，嵌段共聚物（BCP）
傾向於形成具有洋蔥狀奈米層狀結構的微球、具有軸向堆疊的奈米
層板結構的橢球和具有納奈米柱狀結構的盤狀粒子。這種多層級
（結構中具有結構）結構在許多領域具有潛在的應用，包括生物醫
學，能源，催化劑和光學裝置。微乳化方法是使用具有不同表面性
質的兩種不混溶溶劑，比如氯仿和水來製備嵌段共聚物微結構。在
此研究中，我們將PS-b-P4VP 溶解在氯仿中，然後加入大量含有界
面活性劑CTAB 的水。在CTAB 存在下，水溶液可將PS-b-P4VP/氯
仿溶液乳化，並在混合物中形成膠體微粒。除去氯仿和水後，PS-b-
P4VP 能自發地自組裝並在微粒中形成奈米結構。在三維侷限空間
下，PS-b-P4VP 自組裝產生了幾種結構內具有結構之形態，可以通
過控制共聚物分子量、溶劑性質以及嵌段共聚物的表面能來調控。
最終可獲得洋蔥狀、具凸-凹結構和具雙凸結構微粒或具有六邊形奈
米柱狀陣列的盤型微米粒子。而後，我們將多層級結構用作模板進
一步製造複製模板形態的碳和金屬材料並應用於氧還原反應。;Under 3D confinement generated through a micro-emulsion approach, block copolymer (BCP) tends to form micro spheres with onion-like nanodomains, ellipsoids with axially-stacked nanolamellae, and Oblate particles with nanocylinders. Such hierarchical (structure-within-structure) structures have potential applications in many fields, including biomedicine, energy, catalyst and optical devices. For the micro Emulsion approach, two immiscible solvents, chloroform and water, with different surface properties were used to produce BCP microstructures. PS-b-P4VP was dissolved in chloroform followed by the addition of a large amount of
water with surfactant CTAB. In the presence of CTAB, the solution of PS-b-P4VP/chloroform was emulsified to form colloidal microparicles in the mixture after adding water. Upon removal of chloroform and water, PS-b-P4VP spontaneously self-assembled to form nanodomains within the
microparicles. Under 3D confinement, self-assembly of PS-b-P4VP produced several structure-within-structure morphologies, which could by tailored by controls over molecular weight, solvent quality, as well as the surface energy of BCPs. As a result, onion-like, convex-concavo, and
convex-convex microparticles or oblate mciroparticles with hexagonal arrays of nanopores were obtained. The hierarchical structures were then used as templates to fabricate carbon and metal materials with replicated morphologies for oxygen reduction reactions. |
