不同鍛造製程對AA6061、AA6066和AA6082 鋁合金機械性質與抗腐蝕能力的影響

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Title:	不同鍛造製程對AA6061、AA6066和AA6082 鋁合金機械性質與抗腐蝕能力的影響
Authors:	林松達;Lin, Sung-Ta
Contributors:	機械工程學系
Keywords:	Al-Mg-Si-Cu合金;鍛造;高、低角度晶界;機械性質;抗腐蝕能力;Al-Mg-Si-Cu alloy;forging;low & high grain boundary angle;mechanical properties;corrosion resistance
Date:	2019-08-19
Issue Date:	2019-09-03 16:38:52 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	本研究探討不同鍛造製程對AA6061、AA6066和AA6082鋁合金機械性質與抗腐蝕能力的影響。實驗使用AA6061、AA6066和AA6082的擠製棒材進行退火並使用不同的鍛造條件(包括鍛造模具及鍛造溫度)，隨後進行固溶、焠火與時效處理(T6)。處理完之試棒按照ASTM-E8規範並進行量測，後續分析不同鍛造製程對材料微結構與機械性質的影響。將拉伸試驗完的試棒縱剖進行研磨及拋光，利用光學顯微鏡(OM)觀察基地的微結構，並使用影像分析軟體分析二次相顆粒的數量、尺寸及分佈，探討二次相顆粒對合金機械性質的影響。利用雙束聚焦離子顯微鏡(FIB)製備穿透式電子顯微鏡(TEM)的試片，分析析出物的種類，以及利用電子背向散射繞射分析儀(EBSD)分析晶界角度的高低。實驗結果顯示，AA6061鋁合金鍛件唯有經退火加熱鍛30 %縮減率接著退火加熱鍛55 %縮減率的試棒符合規範要求(UTS：347.7 MPa、YS：318.8 MPa及El：17.5 %)；AA6066鋁合金鍛件中符合規範要求的為退火加冷鍛造50 %縮減率(UTS：437.7 MPa、YS：366.3 MPa及El：13.5 %)的試棒；AA6082鋁合金鍛件在本次實驗中，經退火加冷鍛造、退火加常溫鍛造及退火加熱鍛造的試棒皆符合規範要求，其中經退火加熱鍛50 %縮減率的試棒強度最高(UTS：380.2 MPa、YS：333.9 MPa及El：13.5 %)。二次相顆粒的數量、尺寸及分佈對不同鍛造製程鋁合金試棒的機械性質及抗腐蝕能力影響最大，在晶界上連續分佈的析出物會降低鋁合金的延伸率及韌性。 ;The effects of different forge processes on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of AA6061, AA6066 and AA6082 aluminum alloys were investigated in this study. The AA6061, AA6066 and AA6082 extruded bars were used to undergo annealing treatment and different forge processes (include different molds and forging temperature). Then, the forged samples were carried out solution treatment, water quenched and T6 artifical aging treatment. According to ASTM-E8 specification, the samples were machined to obtain tensile bars. The bars were tested to get tensile properties. Finally, the matrix of samples was observed by using the optic microscope (OM), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The second phase particle sizes and population were analyzed and record by using image analysis software. Experimental results demonstrate that AA6061 sample after experienced hot forging to get 30 %, and then 55 % reduction in thickness could compliance with specification (UTS：347.7 MPa, YS：318.8 MPa and El：17.5 %). For AA6066 sample, only the sample carried out cold forging 50 % could reach the request from specification (UTS：437.7 MPa, YS：366.3 MPa and El：13.5 %). AA6082 sample showed a wide scope in processing of which saple conducted with different forging processes could produce tensile properties to satisfy with specification. The 2nd phase particle size and population influenced the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of different sample. The precipitate particles that lined up at the grain boundary degraded the mechanical properties of samples.
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