結合指標評估及數值模式分析伏流水區域尺度潛勢與工程尺度可取水量;Integrating index overlay and numerical methods to analyze regional-scale water resource potential and engineering-scale discharge

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Title:	結合指標評估及數值模式分析伏流水區域尺度潛勢與工程尺度可取水量;Integrating index overlay and numerical methods to analyze regional-scale water resource potential and engineering-scale discharge
Authors:	楊淳聿;Yang, Chun-Yu
Contributors:	應用地質研究所
Keywords:	伏流水;指標評估;HYDRUS 3D;克利金;地表地下水交互作用;Hyporheic flow;Idex overlay;HYDRUS 3D;Kriging;Srface water and groundwater interaction
Date:	2019-07-25
Issue Date:	2019-09-03 17:00:19 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	國立中央大學
Abstract:	伏流水(Hyporheic flow)為儲存或流動於河道下方砂礫石層中的水源，屬地表與地下水交換作用區域。伏流水因河床沉積物過濾，具有較佳水質的優點，也因此被視為汛期的重要備援水源。伏流水的蘊藏量及如何取水以達最佳效益等問題，一直是伏流水資源開發受關切的重點。本研究之目的係以指標評估方法結合數值及經驗模式，推估與量化分析臺灣本島地下水區中，不同空間尺度之伏流水相對可開發潛能，本研究同時以蘭陽平原及屏東平原地下水區為例，以既有工程設計規模，進一步量化推估兩個地下水區，伏流水開發潛能。本研究利用ArcGIS配合克利金(Kriging)法完成臺灣主要河川之伏流水潛勢評估，參考GOD(Groundwater occurrence rating, Overlying lithology rating, and Depth to water rating)潛勢評估方法，計算並修正各影響因子之權重關係。在本研究中，選擇的評估因子為流通係數(Transmissivity)、坡度(Slope)、Delta H(河川水位與地下水位差值)、水系密度(Drainage-length density)與地表至地下水位深度(Depth to Groundwater)。最後以指標權重獲得全臺灣各地下水區主要河川伏流水潛勢圖。為了評估數值模擬與經驗公式推估伏流設計取水量差異，本研究採用清水溪河段的現地材料試驗結果，利用經驗公式與HYDRUS數值模式評估清水溪河段工程尺度案例。量化伏流水取水量則考慮既有伏流水工程設施做為評估基準，假設伏流水設施上下游距離一公里即不影響取水與地表水源，以羅東堰工程設施評估蘭陽平原伏流水出水量；高屏溪則利用高屏溪伏流水取水設施(高屏攔河堰、竹寮取水站、九曲堂取水站及會結取水站)設計出水量與潛勢地圖進行分析，量化屏東平原伏流水潛能。本研究結果顯示，臺灣伏流水最高潛勢區為蘭陽平原；最低潛勢區則為桃園中壢台地。數值模擬推估之設計取水量約為經驗公式解的1.1至1.4倍，以羅東堰取水設計為基礎，推估蘭陽溪伏流水潛能約為654.72萬CMD至910.2萬CMD；以高屏溪沿岸取水設施為設計基礎，推估高屏溪伏流水潛能約為252.58萬CMD至623.11萬CMD。;Hyporheic zone locates in the interaction area between surface water and groundwater. Hyporheic flow in this zone is one of the relatively stable water resources that is storing in the gravel layer below the river channel and has the advantage of great water quality. The potential and effective management of water resources in hyporheic zones are important issues for regional water resource assessments. The study aims to integrate index overlay and numerical methods to assess the potential of hyporheic water resources in groundwater basins of Taiwan. In this study, the Kriging module in ArcGIS and GOD (Groundwater occurrence rating, Overlying lithology rating, and Depth to water rating) method for potential assessments are employed to conduct the interpretation of the hyporheic water resource potential. The factors in GOD includes the transmissivity, slope, difference between groundwater and river levels (Delta H), drainage-length density, and depth to groundwater. The comparison of the analytical solution and HYDRUS numerical simulation is conducted based on the data taken from the engineering-scale site on the Qingshui River. The study considers Lanyang and Pingdong plains to be the selected groundwater basins for quantifying the available water resource from hyporheic flows. The study assumes that the influence of water intake facilities can be neglected with a distance of 1 km from two facilities. Based on the existing water intake facilities in Lanyang and Gaoping rivers, including Lodong weir, Gaoping riverside dike, Jhuliao water-pumping station, Jiuqutang water-pumping station, and Huijie water station, the total discharge of hyporheic flow are calculated for different rivers. The index overlay method shows that the Lanyang Plain is the highest potential area of the hyporheic flow. However, Taoyuan tableland is the lowest potential area of the hyporheic flow. The designed water intake estimated by numerical simulation is about 1.1 to 1.4 times higher than that obtained from the analytical solution. This study estimated water resource of hyporheic flows in Lanyang River in Lanyang plain is from 6.54 million CMD to 9.10 million CMD (Cubic meter per day). Based on the design of the water intake facilities along the Gaoping River, the water resource of hyporheic flows along the Gaoping river in Pingtung Plain is about 2.53 million CMD to 6.23 million CMD.
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