| 摘要: | 知青是「青春」的天選之子，從第一次被稱作「知識青年」起便終身被冠以「青年」之名，官方與民間的一致認可，歷史與文學的共同形塑，更使得「青春」固化成為知青一代無始無終、不可動搖的生命底色。知青的時代橫跨著一個文學的年代，回顧以近半個世紀歷史知青上山下鄉運動為主題的文學創作，隨著知青社會群體命運的起落沉浮，知青文學的書寫亦是幾經跌宕。長期以來文學敘事與研究賦予了知青群體的過多文化屬性，直至新世紀，隨著知青文化跌落主流輿論的風口浪尖，知青文學開始呈現出深入內向自我挖掘，與專注青春主題回溯的發展趨勢。
本文選取新世紀知青紀實文學為具體研究對象，運用文學社會學理論，通過文本細讀與文史結合的研究方法，探討處於年輕時代、身在年輕國度、作為年輕個體的知青一代，其知識青年本質屬性的「青春」如何作用於新世紀知青紀實文學的書寫接受，並獲得廣泛認同。知青紀實文學可以說是知青文學中，牽涉人數最多、持續時間最長、波及範圍最廣、寫作目的也最為一致的分支之一。在新世紀不同往昔的嶄新語境下，知青紀實文學經歷了「小陽春」「地火湧動」「紅色浪潮」三個截然分明的發展階段，呈現出以「史料化」、「邊緣化」、「民間化」等特質為代表的整體樣貌。在新世紀知青紀實文學的書寫筆觸下，作為年輕個體、群體的知青，被與自我幾乎同齡的年輕國度所牽引，置身於在世界青年運動浪潮，「青春」於他們不僅是值得永恆定格的「生命高光」，是「知青共同體」持續想像的認同基礎，更是時代與歷史賦予知青命運共同體的、經典化的「青春」名義。
;The educated youth is the son of "Youth". Since being called " the Educated Youth" for the first time, it has been labeled as the "Youth" for life. With the general recognition of the official and people, and the common shaping of history and literature, which makes "Youth" become the the eternal and unshakable life background for the educated youth generation. The era of educated youth is a period of literature. Reviewing the history of the literary creation for nearly half a century with the theme of Down to the Countryside Movement, the writing of educated youth literature has gone through up and down with the fate of rise and falls of the educated youth social groups. The literary narrative and research have endowed the intellectual youth with too many cultural attributes for a long time. Until the new century, with the educated youth culture falling into the cusp of mainstream public opinion, the educated youth literature began to present a development trend of deep inward self-digging and focusing on the theme of youth trace.
The paper selects the educated youth documentary writing in the new century as the specific research object, it uses the sociological theory of literature and the study method of textual reading and the combination of literature and history to explore the generation of the educated youth with young age, born in a young country, and as a young individual, their essential attribute of "youth" how to affected the writing acceptance of the educated youth documentary writing in the new century and gained widespread recognition. The documentary writing of the educated youth can be said to be one of the branches of educated youth literature with the largest number of people involved, the longest duration, the widest scope, and the most consistent writing purpose. In the brand-new context in the new century, the documentary writing of the educated youth has undergone three distinct development stages with "Spring", "Earth Fire", and "Red Tide", which is presenting an overall appearance that represented by the characteristics of "historical materials", "marginalization" and "civilization". Under the writing strokes of the documentary writing of the educated youth in the new century, as young individuals and groups, the educated youth are led by young nations with the same age and are exposed to the tide of youth movements in the world. The word of "Youth" is not only the "highlight of life" that worthy of freezing eternally, but it also is the basis for the continued imagination of the " the educated youth community", and the classic name of "youth" that given to the educated youth community by the times and history. |
