近年來非常熱門的鈣鈦礦太陽能電池(PSC)因其吸光層製程簡單、材料價格便宜且光電轉換效率經驗證最高可達25.2%(與矽晶圓太陽能電池效率幾乎相近)，是極具商業化潛力的太陽能電池科技。但 PSC 的吸光層會因為製備環境的相對濕度、製備方法、鈣鈦礦起始溶液之溶劑不同，所得鈣鈦礦膜之品質也不同。本研究發展一種在大氣下製備鈣鈦礦膜的方法稱為”旋轉浸泡法(RSSE)”並搭配一高沸點 245℃ 且低毒性的 2-Pyrrolidone (2-PY)做為鈣鈦礦起始溶液之溶劑來製備鈣鈦礦膜。旋轉浸泡轉速為1800 rpm 浸泡5秒，所得鈣鈦礦膜再經100℃ 5分鐘的熱退火處理後的膜做為吸光層，所組裝之 PSC 元件的光電轉換效率可達13.97% (常用之”溶劑工程法(SE)”搭配 DMF : DMSO = 6 : 4 其元件光電轉換效率只有8.91%)；RSSE (2-PY) 製備的鈣鈦礦膜之元件較SE (DMF : DMSO)製備的鈣鈦礦膜之元件無明顯遲滯效應，在85℃(國際測試太陽光模組的最高溫度)加熱10分鐘後，RSSE (2-PY) 之元件效率仍能維持起始效率的89% 而SE (DMF: DMSO) 之元件效率只有起始效率的79%；未封裝放置於大氣下(溫度: 25~30℃；RH: 25~45%) 20 天， RSSE (2-PY) 之元件效率仍能維持起始效率的 80%，而SE (DMF : DMSO)之元件已無效率。;Recently, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted great attention due to its simple-synthesis and low-cost characteristics. To date, the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs was up to 25.2% which is similar to the efficiency of silicon-based solar cells. Therefore, the fabrication technology for PSCs shows a great potential for commercial applications. However, the perovskite thin films is very sensitive with its preparing conditions, such as the relative humidity of the environment, the coating methods and the solvents for dissolving precursors. Therefore, the preparing conditions are very important for the quality of perovskite thin films.Here we make an effort to develop a method for preparing perovskite film under the atmosphere, which is called "Rotary Soaking Solvent Extraction (RSSE)". Furthermore, a new solvent (2-Pyrrolidone (2-PY)) which shows a high boiling point (up to 245℃) and low toxicity was used as a solvent for RSSE. The best condition in the RSSE and 2-PY system for PSCs is soaking speed of 1800 rpm for 5 seconds and thermal annealing at 100 °C for 5 minutes. Under this condition, the PCEs of the PSCs can reach as high as 13.97 %.The hysteresis effect in the cells prepared by RSSE is lower than those of the cells prepared by solvent engineering (SE) method. Moreover, to realize their thermal stability, the cells prepared by RSSE was treated by annealing at 85 ℃ for 10 minutes. They still showed 89% of initial efficiency. However, the cells prepared by SE only showed 79% of the initial efficiency. The unencapsulated cells prepared by the RSSE and 2-PY system retains 80% of the initial efficiency after 20 days in the atmosphere (Temperature: 25 ~ 30°C ; RH: 25 ~ 45%). However, the efficiency of the unencapsulated cells prepared by SE after 20 days approached zero.
