每年在梅雨期間，梅雨鋒面系統的鋒面帶上經常帶來長時間的不穩定天氣，台灣地區附近的海域常常有中尺度對流系統(Mesoscale Convective System, MCS)在海面上生成與發展，進而對台灣造成大量的降雨。由於許多的研究都顯示海氣間的交互作用和中尺度對流系統的生成與發展可能息息相關。且伴隨鋒面的中尺度對流系統，其生成與發展大都處於廣大的洋面，礙於海洋上傳統觀測資源的匱乏，故利用衛星資料來對其生成與發展進行分析，實是相當有效的方式。因此本研究擬以前人過往的研究為基礎，進一步去做資料以及方法上的更新。本研究擬申請三年期之研究計畫，研究重點是尋求一種客觀且定性的判別方式，去偵測洋面上的中尺度對流系統是否會生成與發展，藉由將高頻次的美國繞極衛星Soumi-NPP及NOAA-20以後所籌載的「先進微波垂直探測儀(ATMS)」、「高光譜紅外線垂直探測儀(CrIS)」，搭配歐洲MetOP-A及MetOP-2上所籌載的散射儀(ASCAT)所反演之海面風場資訊，發展所需的海氣通量參數，進一步利用這些參數去訂定一個可以描述海氣交互作用強弱程度及其變化趨勢的指標，期許能於三年期的研究計畫中，透過這些觀測儀器的更新期望未來在梅雨期綜觀環境系統的診斷分析與分類上會有更大的幫助，亦能提供災防單位另一個豪大雨預報因子的選擇。 ;Each year mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) usually occur in May and June, Mei-Yu season, over the ocean around Taiwan. Many previous studies exhibited that there is a close relationship between air-sea interaction and MCSs. The purpose of this research is to analyze such MCSs by the Objective Convection Potential Index (OCPI). and it can serve as an indicator for arising, development, and dissipation of MCSs.This study will to apply for a three-year research project. The research focus is on finding an objective and qualitative method to detect the mesoscale convective system on the ocean s will be generated or not. Develop the required sea-air flux parameters by "Advanced Technology Microwave Sounder (ATMS)" and "Cross-track Infrared Sounder (CrIS)", which were load on the polar satellite Soumi-NPP and NOAA-20, together with the sea surface wind field information inverted by the scatterometer (ASCAT) which is load on the European MetOP-A and MetOP-2, and further uses these parameters to define an index that can describe the strength and intensity of the sea-air interaction and its changing trend. We hope in the three-year research project, the update of these observation instruments is expected to be more helpful in the future diagnosis and classification of the comprehensive environmental system during the Meiyu period, and also provide another forecasting factor for the disaster reduction center.
