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    題名: 考量土壤非線性行為之高頻地動模擬技術開發及應用(II);Developing and Its Application of High Frequency Ground Motion Simulation Technique with Soil Nonlinearity (Ii)
    作者: 溫國樑
    貢獻者: 國立中央大學地球科學學系
    關鍵詞: 隨機式地動模擬;一維等效線性法;非線性土壤效應;羅東大比例尺地震儀陣列;Stochastic ground motion simulation;1D equivalent linear method;nonlinear soul response;LSST
    日期: 2020-01-13
    上傳時間: 2020-01-13 14:22:55 (UTC+8)
    出版者: 科技部
    摘要: 高頻地動模擬為近年來地震工程上重要目標之一,其必須考量震源、路徑及場址效應,目前,隨機式地動模擬技術於台灣已可有效考慮此三項效應並對於區域內之地震進行符合物理假設之頻譜及地表峰值加速度(Peak ground acceleration, PGA)預估(Huang et al., 2017),其結果已可與傳統使用統計模型之地動預估模式(Ground motion prediction equation, GMPE)達到相似預估成效,且較具物理意義。但對於震度較大時之非線性土壤效應,目前仍尚未找到合適的方式進行合理預估,前人研究對於非線性土壤效應曾嘗試定性並定量描述頻率域之行為,包括顯著頻率降低及高頻部分壓抑放大,但對於實際應用於地動預估而言仍不能夠套用。而大地工程領域常用之模擬非線性土壤效應之方式為等效線性模擬法(SHAKE, Schnabel et al., 1972),其對於已知詳細地層介面速度及材質之淺井構造,套用合適之應力-應變關係曲線後,即可經由解波傳方程式之方式進行線性及非線性之模擬預估,但此方法對於較大構造(太深之構造)或層面過多時之解析力較差。本計畫即嘗試結合此二高頻模擬方法之優點,計畫第一年已運用台北盆地五股之井下地震儀陣列進行此模擬方法之驗證,若以合適之地質剖面、淺層速度構造、應力應變關係、經校正之鄰近岩盤測站之經驗轉換函數及隨機式模擬震波,作為地質基盤之輸入波時,此高頻模擬技術可得良好之PGA及傅氏譜預估。另由於台北盆地內較缺乏震度高之地動記錄,以及鑽至基盤位置之深井較昂貴,故本計畫第二年則試著以羅東大比例尺地震儀陣列 (Large Scale Seismic Test (LSST) array in Lotung)之歷史井下紀錄為例,驗證此模擬方法於高震度時之土壤非線性效應之適用程度,另外,本計畫預計量化若將輸入波放置於工程基盤或井下不同深度時之模擬誤差,以供未來可能之潛在使用者評估所需地動預估精度所需使用之經費,做整體規劃考量。 ;High frequency ground motion simulation was quite important for engineering seismology in recent years, including source, path and site effect should be considered to get precisely prediction. Currently stochastic ground motion simulation technique could simultaneously consider abovementioned three effects in Taiwan. Which could predict earthquake spectrum and peak ground acceleration reasonable and all of the parameters used in the technique were from physical assumption (Huang et al., 2017). The simulation could carry physical meaning and it reached similar prediction level with traditional ground motion prediction equation (GMPE). However, nonlinear soil response would inference ground motion a lot when increasing of intensity level and previous studies could not reasonable predict till now. Previous studies once tried to quantitatively and qualitatively describe soil nonlinearity in frequency domain including dominant frequency drop and de-amplification, but application for ground motion prediction was still not suitable. Meanwhile, there’s an equivalent linear simulation technique (SHAKE, Schnabel et al., 1972) could consider soil nonlinearity problem in geotechnical engineering filed. While velocity structure, geological material and suitable stress-strain curve were well investigated and constructed for shallow borehole system, linear and nonlinear ground motion simulations could be done from solving wave propagation equation. However, the equivalent linear technique had some limitations of deeper structure or multiple layers. Thus, in this proposal, the advantages from both simulation techniques will be combined to solve nonlinear soil response for future possible large earthquakes. Wuku downhole records from borehole array in the Taipei basin were already been verified for this newly combined technique in first year. The results showed well estimated PGA and FAS prediction could be provided if suitable geological profile, shallow velocity structures, stress-strain relation, ETF based site correction stochastic ground motion simulation as rock input motion had been applied first. Meanwhile, due to Taipei basin had lack of high intensity records for historical earthquakes and economic consideration for constructing deep borehole to have basement control structures. The second year of the proposal will use seismic data from Large Scale Seismic Test (LSST) array in Lotung to verified nonlinear simulation during high intensity earthquakes. Finally, suitable input depth (seismological basement, engineering basement or even 30 meter etc.) of the stochastic ground motion simulation motion will be quantitatively checked in order to consider trade-off issues between economic cost and prediction errors of ground motion simulation. The abovementioned results could be useful for possible user to consider possible cost to get the precisely prediction results.
    關聯: 財團法人國家實驗研究院科技政策研究與資訊中心
    顯示於類別:[地球科學學系] 研究計畫

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