| 摘要: | 鍋爐是現代工業製造過程中提供熱能、熱水、蒸汽與產生動力的主要來源，目前已廣泛應用於汽電共生廠、化學工業製程加熱、造紙業、食品業之滅菌消毒製程、紡織業染整製程、電子製程清洗等等。因此，如何使鍋爐智慧化，並進行回饋控制使鍋爐效率優化與降低污染排放量，是經濟與環保的重要議題，為本計畫之動機所在。本整合型產學計畫:｢工業節能及應用：熱水鍋爐新燃燒技術和回饋控制｣，計畫目標為將熱水鍋爐整體效率提升1%以及有效減少NOx排放量低於100 ppm以下（民國109年我國將施行之標準），並使合作廠商產業競爭力提升，開發出具商業利基之產品。透過整合三個子計畫，具體來達成計畫之目標：子一採用總計畫主持人長期研發之貧油預混紊流燃燒技術、空燃氣快速混合裝置、漩渦流低NOx燃燒器、燃燒排放診測技術等，結合子二楊建裕教授所擬設計之新型熱交換器，來提升煙氣與水之熱轉換效率，開發煙氣回收預熱空氣和再燃燒次系統，進而將子一和子二煙氣排放診測資料（含煙氣氧濃度、NOx濃度、溫度等），與子三董必正教授所擬設計之回饋控制次系統作整合，藉由回饋控制燃燒排放診測系統所測得之訊號，即時調整空氣、燃料與煙氣回收的流率，使熱水鍋爐可保持在高效率、低污染排放之運轉條件。另外，擬與俄羅斯遠東聯邦大學(Far Eastern Federal University, FEFU) Prof. Sergey Minaev和其研究團隊進行國際合作，由俄方提供以Ni-Al和其他微量元素配方用SHS (Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis)所製成之多孔性材料，由台方將之製成多孔性介質熱輻射燃燒器，並結合煙氣回收次系統、創新熱交換器次系統與智慧化回饋控制次系統，擬開發一新創熱水鍋爐之雛形。多孔性介質熱輻射燃燒器，可使用極貧油預混燃燒對多孔性介質材料進行加熱，來產生強烈的熱輻射，它同時具有低NOx生成量、加熱速度快、低噪音及高燃燒效率等優點，是開發新世代鍋爐的首選之一。預期成果，提高鍋爐效率1%，約等同節省燃料1%，相當可觀，若能成功推廣，不僅具經濟可行性和商業利益，且對節能減碳有重要助益。本計畫將於中央大學機械系「潔淨能源教研中心」做實體展示。 ;Boiler is the major source to provide the thermal energy, hot water, steam, and power generation for the manufacturing processes of modern industries, which is widely used in steam-electricity cogeneration plant, process heating of chemical industry, paper manufacturing industry, sterilization processes of food industry, dyeing processes of textile industry, cleaning processes of electronic industry, etc. Hence, how to develop a smart boiler that could improve boiler efficiency and reduce emissions via the feedback control is an important economic and environmental issue. This motivates the present proposal, an integrating industry-academic proposal, titled “Industrial Energy Saving and Application: New Boiler Combustion Technology and Feedback Control”. This integrating proposal aims to increase the overall efficiency of boiler by 1%, reduce NOx emissions to below 100 ppm (the standard to be implemented in 2020), and enhance the competitiveness of the cooperative company for developing products with greater commercial values. By integrating three sub-proposals, the specific plans to achieve the aforesaid goals are as follows. The first sub-proposal applies the PI’s long-term R&D speciality on lean premixed turbulent combustion technology, air/fuel rapid-mixing mechanism, swirling low NOx burner, combustion emission diagnostic technology, and more. Combining the second sub-proposal led by Prof. Yang, new heat exchangers are designed to promote the thermal energy conversion efficiency between flue gas and water. Moreover, we will develop flue gas recirculation and exhaust gas re-burning sub-systems. The third sub-proposal led by Prof. Tung will collect the signals obtained from the first and second sub-proposals to design a feedback control sub-system, such that the flow rates of air, fuel, and recycling exhaust flue gas can be adjusted time to time in order to assure that the hot water boiler could be operated at high efficiency and low pollutant emission conditions. Besides, an international cooperation with Prof. Sergey Minaev and his research team in Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) Russia is proposed. The Russian team will provide us the porous Ni-Al material doping with a small amount of special elements using Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) processing method. The Taiwanese team will design a porous radiative burner and combine it with the flue gas recirculation sub-system, the innovative heat exchanger, and the feedback control sub-system to develop a novel hot water boiler. Such radiative porous burner can operate at super lean premixed condition, heating up the porous material to produce intensive thermal radiation with advantages of low NOx production, fast heating, low noise, and high burning efficiency etc. Thus, it is one of the best choices for the development of a new boiler. The expected result is to improve the boiler efficiency by 1%, which is equivalent to save 1% fuel. The proposed technology not only has economic feasibility but also commercial value, which is important for saving energy and reducing emissions. Finally, the project will be demonstrated in a newly-established Center for Clean Energy Teaching and Research at Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University. |
