有機無機混合鈣鈦礦材料因可溶液製程及優異的光伏特性，被視為極具發展潛力的新型太陽能電池材料，而實驗室研究又以旋轉塗佈法製備元件居多，此種薄膜沉積模式較難應用於大面積薄膜塗佈及商業化連續製程，又因旋塗法所需前驅液濃度高造成較多的材料消耗，故本篇研究中將以可連續製程的超音波噴塗法於大氣環境下製備太陽能電池元件的主動層。在鈣鈦礦薄膜製備過程中先將不同比例的離子液體MAAc添加於鈣鈦礦前驅液內，並比較不同比例之MAAc對鈣鈦礦之結晶度、表面形貌及光伏特性關係，而最佳的添加比例為MAI:PbI2:MAAc=1:1:1.5，可使元件之光電轉換效率由10.04%提升至15.07%；接著使用光伏表現最出色的比例作為鈣鈦礦前驅液並進行小分子的添加，小分子INClDCDT-b8是透過反溶劑方式以含有不同濃度小分子之氯苯噴塗於鈣鈦礦濕膜當中，藉由反溶劑的作用影響鈣鈦礦長晶成膜過程以及小分子與鈣鈦礦間的作用提升元件的光伏表現及環境穩定度，在最適化濃度條件下可將光電轉換效率由單純氯苯作為反溶劑噴塗的15.39%提升至17.18%。;The organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been expected to be the next applicable material due to its high photovoltaic performance and easy fabricating process. However, the most common solution process such as spin-coated method still has remained limitations like discontinuous fabrication process and large amount of wasting materials. In this research, the ultrasonic spray-coated method was demonstrated to fabricate the photo-active layer of PSCs under ambient condition. It is essential to fabricate the high quality with smooth perovskite thin film to achieve outstanding performance. The additive engineering is an effective strategy to improve the film morphology. For this purpose, we use the ionic-liquid MAAc and the small molecular INClDCDT-b8 as additives to achieve the goal. MAAc was added in the perovskite precursor to enhance the nucleation site and improve the film coverage which achieve the PCE of 15.07% compared to 10.04%. After optimized the ratio of MAAc, the INClDCDT-b8 was added in chlorobenzene through the anti-solvent method. The crystal structure and elements of the perovskite become more stable by means of the effect of the antisolvent and small molecular. Finally, the PCE can enhance up to 17.18% which compared to control device (chlorobenzene only) of 15.39%.
